Introduction: Preexisting (Traditional) and Modern Fish Breeding Methods in Practice Among Fish Farmers

Bundh Breeding in Captivity

What Is a Bundh?

Area of Bundh

Different Parts of a Typical Bundh

Topography of a Bundh

Types of Soil

Impact of Regional Soil on Hydrobiological Parameters of Breeding and Hatching Bundh

Slope

Catchment Area

Bundh Proper (Deepest Area)

Size and Height of Embankment

Breeding Environment

Types of Bundh

Operation Technique of a Dry Bundh for Production of Spawn

Improved Methods for Bundh Breeding

Spawning

Modern Technique for Bundh Breeding in Nonlaterite Belt

Hybridization in Bundhs

References

Part I: Induced Breeding—A Scientific Approach Towards Modern Fish Breeding Procedure

1. Eco-Hatchery for Fish Breeding of Carps in Captivity

Abstract

1.1 Overhead Tank

1.2 Spawning Pool

1.3 Incubation or Hatching Pools

1.4 Breeding Technique

1.5 Spawn Collection Tank

1.6 Breeding Protocols

1.7 Brood Stock Collection and Development

References

2. Reproductive Cycle, Maturation, and Spawning

Abstract

2.1 Collection and Preservation of Pituitary Gland

2.2 Identification of Male and Female Breeders

2.3 Selection of Breeders

2.4 Mode of Injection/Dosage Administration

2.5 Injection and Dosage for Indian Carp and Exotic Carp

2.6 Three Doses of Injection Instead of the Usual Two Doses

2.7 Calculation of Dose for Purposes of a Batch of Fish

2.8 Inducing Agents

2.9 Environmental Influence on Dose

2.10 Application of Terramycin With Extract

2.11 Methods of Injections

2.12 Breeding Practices

2.13 Identification of Fertilized Egg

2.14 Characteristics of Carp Eggs

2.15 Development of Egg and Spawn With Special Reference to Indian Major Carp

2.16 Larval Rearing

References

3. Hybridization

Abstract

3.1 Natural Hybridization

3.2 Artificial Hybridization

References

4. Selective Breeding

Abstract

4.1 Genetic Improvement of Farmed Fish

4.2 Deformities as Observed in Different Hatcheries

4.3 Interaction Studies

4.4 Conclusions/Implications: Preservation of Biodiversity

4.5 Genetic Concerns With Stock Transfers

4.6 Differences Between Populations

4.7 Population Fitness

4.8 Effect of Stock Transfer on Fish Biodiversity

4.9 Possible Impact of the Hatchery-Raised Fish in Wild

4.10 Final Impact

4.11 Extract

4.12 Genetic Variance and Breeding

4.13 Genetic Improvement Programs

4.14 Molecular Genetics and Genomics

4.15 The PCR

4.16 Genomic Mapping

4.17 Gene Expression Studies

References

5. Negative Aspects of Breeding Practice

Abstract

5.1 Use of Impotent Pituitary Gland

5.2 Restocking of Brooders

5.3 Genetic Appraisal of Improper Fish Breeding Practices

5.4 Genetic Drift

5.5 Sampling Error

5.6 Why Does This Error Occur?

5.7 Sample Size and Sampling Error

5.8 Standard Deviation and Sampling Error

5.9 Random Genetic Drift

5.10 Ways to Eliminate Sampling Error

5.11 Simple Measures to Avoid Improper Breeding Practices in the Hatchery

References

6. Influence of Ecological Factors on Maturation, Spawning, and Hatching of Carps

Abstract

6.1 Abiotic Factors

References

Part II: Case Studies

7. Current Status of Hatchery Operations in Some Leading Seed-Producing States of India and Its Impact on Aquaculture

Abstract

7.1 Three Eastern States of India

7.2 Categorization of Hatcheries

7.3 Temporal Trends in Hatchery Establishment

7.4 Ownership Status and Educational Profile of the Hatchery Owners

7.5 Size of the Hatcheries and Their Modes of Operation

7.6 Pond Status, Water Source, and Manpower

7.7 Breeding Season and Price Variation

7.8 Breeding Program

7.9 Brood Stock Management

7.10 Breeding Practice

7.11 Spawn Yield With CPE and Ovaprim

7.12 Brood Stock Management

7.13 Fish Disease

7.14 Deformities

7.15 Inbreeding

7.16 Genetic Drift

7.17 Hybridization

7.18 Impact on Wild Fish

7.19 Innovative Technology Developed by Scientists and Fish Breeders of Bengal by Modifying Glass Jar Hatcheries

7.20 New Dimension in Common Carp Breeding

7.21 Captive Breeding of Two Recently Introduced Carnivorous Fish Species in West Bengal

7.22 Innovative Technology Developed by Fish Breeders

References

8. Seed Resources and Supply Chain in Some Asian Countries

Abstract

8.1 Seed Management

8.2 Seed Production Facilities and Seed Technology

8.3 Fish Seed Quality

8.4 Institutional Support and Seed Certification

8.5 Fish Seed Marketing

8.6 Economics of Seed Production

8.7 Information and Knowledge Gaps

8.8 Future Prospects and Recommendations

References

9. Review of Freshwater Prawn Hatchery Operation in Some Asian Countries

Abstract

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Results

9.3 Discussion

9.4 Conclusion

References

10. Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Relationship Among the Two Different Stocks of Catla (Catla catla) in the Indian State of Orissa Based on RAPD Profiles

Abstract

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Materials and Methods

10.3 Results

References

Part III: Innovations

11. Approaches to Genetic Improvement

Abstract

11.1 Different Approaches of Selection Program

References

12. Conservation Hatchery and Supplementation—A Recent Approach to Sustainable Aquaculture

Abstract

12.1 History of the Conservation Hatchery Concept

12.2 Conclusion and Recommendation

12.3 Recovery of Threatened and Endangered Species

References

Index