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The Problem-Oriented Approach
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Pyrexia (Fever)
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Disturbances of Food Intake: Anorexia and Polyphagia
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Episodic Weakness
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Polyuria and Polydipsia
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Aggression
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Fear, Anxiety, and Compulsive Behavior
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Ascites, Peripheral Edema, and Abdominal Distention
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Retarded Growth
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Changes in Body Weight: Weight Loss and Obesity
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Pruritus
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Primary and Secondary Skin Lesions
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Alopecia
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Disorders of Pigmentation
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Bleeding Disorders
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Lymphadenopathy
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Disturbances of Heart Rate, Rhythm, and Pulse
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Murmurs and Abnormal Heart Sounds
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Abnormal Mucous Membranes
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Coughing and Hemoptysis
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Respiratory Distress and Cyanosis
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Syncope
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Abnormal Lung Sounds
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Sneezing and Nasal Discharge
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Ptyalism
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Dysphagia
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Regurgitation and Vomiting
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Diarrhea
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Constipation and Flatulence
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Abdominal Pain
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Icterus
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Abnormal Micturition: Dysuria, Pollakiuria, and Stranguria
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Discolored Urine
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Urinary Incontinence
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Vaginal and Preputial Discharge
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Abnormalities of the External Genitalia
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Abortion, Abnormal Estrous Cycle, and Infertility
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Lameness
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Bone, Joint, and Periskeletal Swelling
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Nociception (โPainโ)
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Paresis or Paralysis
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Ataxia
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Head Tilt
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Collapse (Seizures, Syncope, Cataplexy, and Narcolepsy)
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Stupor and Coma
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Blindness
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Anisocoria
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Nystagmus and Strabismus
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Loss of Corneal Transparency
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Abnormal Anterior Chamber
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Abnormal Lens
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AnosmiaโLoss of Olfaction
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Deafness
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Hematologic Problems
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Abnormalities of the Standard Biochemical Profile
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Problems Identified on Urinalysis
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Abnormal Blood pH, Anion Gap, and Blood Gases