By James N. Moore, Nathaniel A. White and Tim S. Mair
Equine Acute Abdomen PDF allows users to effectively diagnose and treat any acute disease of the stomach, intestines, peritoneum, liver, and abdominal wall. Its authorship includes over 20 internationally recognized experts that provide critical information needed by practitioners for management of abdominal diseases. This informative resource provides a thorough discussion of normal and abnormal anatomy and physiology. Surgical techniques are broken down into an easy-to-read step-by-step format. This highly visual presentation, with over 410 illustrations, is a necessary edition to an equine practitioner’s library.
Published by Teton New Media in the USA and distributed by Manson Publishing outside of North America.
Table of Contents
Normal Anatomy and Physiology Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Equine Gastrointestinal Tract Thomas M. Krunkosky, Carla Jarrett, and James N. Moore Esophagus Esophagus-Stomach Junction Stomach Stomach-Small Intestine Junction Small Intestine Large Intestine Liver Spleen Pancreas Physiology of the Digestive Tract Gastric Secretory Function – Michael J. Murray Small Intestine Function – David E. Freeman Digestive Physiology – Anatomy Intraluminal Digestion Absorption of Ions and Water Absorption of Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat Iron Absorption Calcium and Magnesium Absorption Intestinal Secretion Motility Control of Motility Function of the Ileum Large Bowel Function – Marco A.F. Lopes Motility Patterns and Transit of Contents Microbial Activity and Fermentation Secretion and Absorption Liver Function – Tim S. Mair Bile Acid Metabolism and Excretion of Bile Protein Metabolism Carbohydrate Metabolism Lipid Metabolism Detoxification and Drug Metabolism Storage Effects of Feeding on Equine Gastrointestinal Function or Physiology Marco A.F. Lopes Feeding Grain Feeding Lush Grass Replacing Grain With Fat Feeding Mature Grass and Poor Quality Hay Feeding Large Meals Intermittently and Fasting Intestinal Motility and Transit Peter C. Rakestraw Physiology of Normal Motility Pathophysiology of Ileus Treatment of Motility Disorders in the Horse
Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases Pathophysiology of Gastric Ulcer Disease Michael J. Murray Gastric Ulcer Disease Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Disease: Obstruction and Strangulation Anthony T. Blikslager Simple Obstruction Strangulating Obstruction Intestinal Reparative Mechanisms Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Intraabdominal Adhesions in Horses P.O. Eric Mueller Current Concepts in Pathophysiology of Adhesion Formation Diagnosis of Intraabdominal Adhesions Current Concepts in Prevention of Adhesion Formation Separation of Adhesiogenic Surfaces Treatment of Intraabdominal Adhesions Adhesion Prevention Strategies Pathophysiology of Peritonitis John F. Peroni Anatomy and Physiology of the Peritoneum Etiology of Peritonitis Clinical Presentation Diagnostic Approach Pathophysiology of Enteritis and Colitis Harold C. McKenzie Inflammation Pain Ileus Hypermotility Hypersecretion Osmotic Diarrhea Decreased Absorption Endothelial Dysfunction Specific Diseases Malabsorption Syndromes Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers Causes of Malabsorption Syndrome Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Liver Diseases and Liver Failure Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers Causes of Liver Disease Diagnosis of Liver Disease Hyperlipemia Theiler’s Disease (Serum Hepatitis) Other Causes of Acute Hepatic Disease and Failure in Adult Horses Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Intoxication Cholangiohepatitis and Choledocholithiasis Other Biliary Conditions Chronic Active Hepatitis Klein Grass (Panicium Coloratum) Toxicity Alsike Clover Toxicity Hepatic Neoplasia Hepatic Amyloidosis Iron Overload, Hemochromatosis Right Hepatic Lobe Atrophy Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome: Endotoxemia Reconsidered Clare E. Bryant and James N. Moore Responses to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns Receptors for Gram-Negative Bacteria and Bacterial Ligands Receptors for Gram-Positive Bacteria and Bacterial Ligands Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Inflammatory Mediators and Their Source in the Horse
Intestinal Parasitism Intestinal Parasitism Christopher J. Proudman Principles of Iintestinal Parasitism Strongylus Vulgaris Cyathostomins Tapeworms Parascaris Equorum Other Intestinal Parasites Prevention
Epidemiology Epidemiology of Colic Noah D. Cohen General Epidemiologic Considerations Incidence of Colic Factors that Predispose to Colic Factors Indicating the Need for Surgical Management of Colic Frequency of and Factors Associated with Survival from Colic and Colic Surgery Study of Colic Problems in Individuals and Herds
Diagnosis Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disease Emma L. Rowe and Nathaniel A.White Signalment History Physical Examination Hematology, Blood Gases, and Serum Biochemistry Ultrasonography Radiographs Endoscopy Laparoscopy Fecal Examination Transit Time Exploratory Laparotomy False Colic Decision for Surgery
Medical Management Medical Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases Tim S. Mair Analgesia Choice of Analgesics in Colic Treatment of Intestinal Spasm and Spasmodic Colic Treatment of Obstruction Treatment of Flatulence and Tympany Treatment of Ileus Treatment of Shock Kevin T. T. Corley Support of the Cardiovascular System Fluid Therapy Acid Base Balance Types of Fluid Oral Fluids Delivery Systems Recognition of Hypovolemia and Dehydration Treatment Strategies Treatment of Endotoxemia Kevin T. T. Corley and Gayle D. Hallowell Drugs that Bind or Block Endotoxin Anti-Inflammatory Agents Modulation of the Coagulation System Drugs Affecting Intracellular Metabolism Treatment of Peritonitis John F. Peroni Medical Treatment Interventional Treatment Complications and Prognosis Diagnosis and Treatment of Enteritis and Colitis in the Horse Harold C. McKenzie Diagnosis Specific Syndromes Treatment Supportive Therapies Specific Therapies Surgery Specific Diseases Nonsurgical Management of Nephrosplenic Entrapment of the Large Colon Joanne Hardy Clinical Presentation Diagnosis Nonsurgical Correction Complications and Prognosis Prevention of Recurrence Colic in the Foal Martin O. Furr Abdominal Radiography Gastroendoscopy Ultrasonography Abdominocentesis Case Synthesis and Management Surgical Treatment Gastroduodenal Ulceration Small-Intestinal Obstruction Large-Colon Obstruction Atresia
Nutritional Management Nutritional Management of the Colic Patient Ray J. Geor Rationale for Early Initiation of Nutritional Support after Colic and Intestinal Surgery Estimating Nutrient Requirements Modes of Nutritional Therapy Feeding Management of Specific Gastrointestinal Conditions
Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery Anesthesia for Horses with ColicCynthia M. Trim Preanesthetic Assessment Anesthetic Agents Induction of Anesthesia Maintenance of Anesthesia Anesthetic Agents in Foals Monitoring Cardiovascular Support Hypercapnia and Hypoxemia Airway Management Recovery from Anesthesia Anesthesia for Surgery in the Standing Horse
Surgery for Acute Abdominal Disease Preparation of the Patient David E. Freeman Patient Preparation Antiseptics Agents Draping the Surgery Site Surgical Exploration and Manipulation David E. Freeman Ventral Midline Incision Inguinal Approach Flank Laparotomy Alternative Approaches Abdominal Exploration Examination and Handling of Small Intestine Examination and Handling of Large Intestine Special Circumstances Intestinal Placement Surgical Techniques David E. Freeman Surgical Team Surgical Environment and Equipment Gowns, Drapes and Accessories Decompression and Drainage Laparotomy Sponges Surgical Instruments and Suture Stapling Instruments Miscellaneous Instruments Surgical Procedures in the Small Intestine Intestinal Viability David E. Freeman Small Intestine Large Colon and Cecum Small Colon Large-Colon Enterotomy, Resection and Anastomosis Joanne Hardy Large-Colon Enterotomy Large Colon Resection Small Intestinal Resection and AnastomosisDavid E. Freeman Extent of Resection Resection of Mesentery Decompression Resection and Anastomosis Stoma Size End-to-End Anastomosis Stapled Jejunojejunostomy Everted Triangulated Stapled Anastomosis Stapled versus Handsewn Anastomoses for Jejunojejunostomy Jejunoileostomy Jejunocecal and Ileocecal Anastomoses Pelvic Flexure Colotomy Abdominal ClosureDavid E. Freeman Closure of the Peritoneum Linea Alba Closure Techniques and Principles Subcutaneous Closure and Skin Incisional Dressing Recovery Stall Abdominal Bandages Postoperative Care Healing of the Equine Linea Alba Special Circumstances Secondary Closure
Intensive Care and Postoperative Care Monitoring Treatment for Abdominal Disease Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers Frequency of Examinations Physical Examinations Monitoring Clinical Pathology Parameters Postoperative Complications Christopher J. Proudman Postoperative Colic Postoperative Ileus (POI) Jugular Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis Incisional Infection Incisional Hernia Formation Adhesions Laminitis
Specific Diseases Diseases of the Stomach Michael J. Murray Gastric Ulcer Syndromes Gastric Impaction Gastric Dilation Neoplasia Liver Diseases In Foals Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers Portosystemic Shunts Tyzzer’s Disease Equine Herpes Virus 1 Hepatitis Liver Failure in Foals after Neonatal Isoerythrolysis Umbilical Vein Abscess Affecting the Liver Portal Vein Thrombosis Hyperammonemia of Morgan Foals Bile Duct Obstruction Toxic Hepatopathy Diseases Of The Small Intestine David E. Freeman Strangulating Obstruction Nonstrangualting Obstruction Inflammatory and Infiltrative Diseases Diseases of the Cecum; Cecocecal and cecocolic intussusception James N. Moore and Joanne Hardy Cecal Tympany Cecal Impaction Cecocecal and Cecocolic Intussusception Specific diseases of the large colon Joanne Hardy Large-Colon Tympany Large Colon Impaction Sand Impaction Enterolithiasis Large-Colon Displacement Other Simple Obstructions of the Large Colon Large-Colon Torsion/Volvulus Right Dorsal Colitis Mural Infarction (Thromboembolic Colic) Other Strangulating Lesions of the Large Colon Disorders of the Small Colon John F. Peroni Surgical Considerations Affected by Anatomic Features of the Small Colon Obstructive Lesions Vascular and Strangulating Lesions Vascular and strangulating lesions Peter C. Rakestraw Anatomy Etiology and Prevention Location and Classification of Rectal Tears Clinical Signs and Diagnosis Emergency Management Medical Management Surgical Management Temporary Indwelling Rectal Liner Loop Colostomy Primary Repair Nonvisual Direct Suturing Per Rectum Ventral Midline Exposure and Antimesenteric Enterotomy for Suture Repair Prognosis and Recommendations Colic and Pregnancy Elizabeth M. Santschi Colic during Pregnancy Colic in the Peripartum Period Colic From Alternative Systems – “False Colics” Tim S. Mair Pain Associated with the Female Reproductive Tract Pain Associated with the Male Reproductive Tract Pain Associated with the Urinary Tract Liver Diseases The Pancreas The Spleen Pain Associated with the Respiratory Tract Pain Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Pain Associated with the Musculoskeletal System Abdominal InjuriesJohn F. Peroni Diagnostic Approach Treatment Laminitis Associated with Acute Abdominal DiseaseJames K. Belknap and Andrew H. Parks Pathogenesis Clinical Presentation Treatment Index
