Misoprostol

Misoprostol In Dogs & Cats: Uses, Dosage and Side Effects

Overview

Cytoprotection of the gastric mucosa:

• It inhibits gastric acid secretion and increases bicarbonate and mucus secretion, as well as epithelial cell turnover and mucosal blood flow.
• It prevents and facilitates the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers, especially those associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Some reports indicate that it may not prevent gastric haemorrhage caused by high methylprednisolone doses.
• Additionally, it may be beneficial in the treatment of canine atopy, although other treatments are likely safer.

Uses of Misoprostol

• Protection against NSAID-induced gastric ulceration.
• In humans, higher doses (20 μg /kg p.o. q6–12h) are used to manage pre-existing NSAID-induced gastric ulceration, while doses of 2–5 μg/kg p.o. q6–8h are used prophylactically to prevent ulceration.
• Has been used in combination with aglepristone to induce abortion in dogs and cats.

Dose of Misoprostol in Dogs and Cats

Dogs:

• Protection against NSAID-induced gastric ulceration: 2–5 μg /kg p.o. q8–12h.
• Atopic dermatitis: 3–6 μg/kg p.o. q8h has been suggested.

Cats:

• Protection against NSAID-induced gastric ulceration: 5 μg /kg p.o. q8h.

Side Effects of Misoprostol in Dogs and Cats

• Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and abortion.

Contraindications of Misoprostol in Dogs and Cats

• Do not use in pregnant animals.

Some Notes:

• Give with food.
• Combinations with diclofenac are available for humans, but are not suitable for small animals because of different NSAID pharmacokinetics.
• Use of misoprostol with gentamicin may exacerbate renal dysfunction.