Silybin (Milk thistle, Silibinin, Silymarin) In Dogs & Cats: Uses, Dosage and Side Effects
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Overview
- Silybin, found in milk thistle or silymarin, is the active component.
- Acts as an antioxidant and scavenges free radicals.
- Promotes hepatocyte protein synthesis and elevates glutathione levels.
- Stimulates biliary flow and the production of hepatoprotective bile acids.
- Inhibits leucotriene production, thereby reducing the inflammatory response.
Uses of Silybin (Milk thistle, Silibinin, Silymarin)
- Adjunctive treatment for liver disease, especially for acute hepatotoxin-induced liver disease.
- Can also be used in patients on long-term therapy with potentially hepatotoxic drugs including lomustine (CCNU).
Dose of Silybin (Milk thistle, Silibinin, Silymarin) in Dogs and Cats
Dogs, Cats:
- Therapeutic dosage is unknown, but suggested doses range from 50–250 mg/kg p.o. q 24h.
- Refer to individual products for dosing advice.
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Side Effects of Silybin (Milk thistle, Silibinin, Silymarin) in Dogs and Cats
- None reported.
- GI signs, pruritus and headaches have been recognized in primates.
Contraindications of Silybin (Milk thistle, Silibinin, Silymarin) in Dogs and Cats
- No information is available.
Some Notes:
- Silybin may inhibit the microsomal cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2C9 (CYP2C9).
- It has the potential to increase plasma levels of various drugs, including beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol), calcium-channel blockers (e.g. verapamil), diazepam, lidocaine, metronidazole, pethidine, and theophylline.
- Silymarin, the compound in milk thistle, may enhance the clearance of drugs undergoing hepatic glucuronidation, such as paracetamol, diazepam, and morphine.
- The clinical significance of these interactions has not been firmly established.
- The efficacy of silymarin for treating paracetamol toxicity remains undetermined.
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