Marine Mammals of the World: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification, 2nd Edition

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Marine Mammals of the World: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification, 2nd Edition

Marine Mammals Of The World A Comprehensive Guide To Their Identification 2Nd Edition

By Marc A. Webber, Thomas Allen Jefferson and Robert Pitman

Marine Mammals of the World: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification, 2nd Edition PDF describes and illustrates newly discovered and rarely photographed species, making it the most comprehensive and up-to-date identification guide available.

This edition continues to meet the research-focused needs of marine biologists and conservation biologists by providing a tremendous influx of new photos, taking advantage of advances in digital and auto-focusing photography, and the emergence of marine mammal studies and โ€œwhalewatchingโ€ around the world. The book encompasses cetacean, pinniped, and sirenian species, as well as extinct species, and describes basic biology and taxonomic groupings of marine mammals.

  • Contains superb photographs of every species of marine mammal for accurate identification
  • Authors possess nearly 80 years of collective experience with almost all of the species and distinctive geographic forms described in the guide
  • Provides the most detailed and anatomically accurate illustrations currently available, including more than 750 new illustrations
  • Special emphasis is placed on the identification of species in โ€œproblem groups,โ€ such as the beaked whales, long-beaked oceanic dolphins, and southern fur seals
  • Includes a detailed list of sources for more information
  • Contains updated taxonomy including four new species
Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

The Need for This Guide

Marine Mammal Identification and How to Use This Guide

Notes on the Format of the Species Accounts

Notes on the Identification Keys

Request For Feedback from Users

2: Basic Marine Mammal Biology

What is a Marine Mammal?

Types of Marine Mammals

Basic Marine Mammal Biology

3: Taxonomic Groupings Above the Species Level

Cetaceaโ€”Whales, dolphins, and porpoises

Order Sireniaโ€”Manatees and Dugongs

Order Carnivoraโ€”Carnivorous mammals (including pinnipeds, marine otters, and polar bear)

Pinnipediaโ€”Seals, sea lions, and walruses

4: Cetaceans

North Atlantic Right Whaleโ€”Eubalaena glacialis (Mรผller, 1776)

North Pacific Right Whaleโ€”Eubalaena japonica (Lacรฉpรฉde, 1818)

Southern Right Whaleโ€”Eubalaena australis (Desmoulins, 1822)

Bowhead Whaleโ€”Balaena mysticetus Linnaeus, 1758

Pygmy Right Whaleโ€”Caperea marginata (Gray, 1846)

Blue Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Fin Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Sei Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828

Brydeโ€™s Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1879

Omuraโ€™s Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera omurai Wada, Oishi, and Yamada, 2003

Common Minke Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacรฉpรจde, 1804

Antarctic Minke Whaleโ€”Balaenoptera bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867

Humpbaok Whaleโ€“Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781)

Gray Whaleโ€” Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861)

Sperm Whaleโ€”Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758

Pygmy Sperm Whaleโ€”Kogia breviceps (Blainville, 1838)

Dwarf Sperm Whaleโ€”Kogia sima (Owen, 1866)

Bairdโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Berardius bairdii Stejegar, 1883

Arnouxโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851

Cuvierโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823

Northern Bottlenose Whaleโ€”Hyperoodon ampullatus (Forster, 1770)

Southern Bottlenose Whaleโ€”Hyperoodon planifrons Flower, 1882

Shepherdโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937

Blainvilleโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon densirostris (Blainville, 1817)

Grayโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon grayi von Haast, 1876

Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon ginkgodens Nishiwaki and Kamiya,1958

Deraniyagalaโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon hotaula Deraniyagala, 1963

Hectorโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon hectori (Gray, 1871)

Perrinโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon perrini Dalebout, Mead, Baker, and van Helden, 2002

Hubbsโ€™ Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Moore, 1963

Pygmy Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon peruvianus Reyes, Mead, and Van Waerebeek, 1991

Sowerbyโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon bidens (Sowerby, 1804)

Gervaisโ€™ Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon europaeus (Gervais, 1855)

Trueโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon mirus True, 1913

Strap-toothed Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon layardii (Gray, 1865)

Andrewsโ€™ Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews, 1908

Stejnegerโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon stejnegeri True, 1885

Spade-toothed Beaked Whaleโ€”Mesoplodon traversii (Gray, 1874)

Longmanโ€™s Beaked Whaleโ€”lndopacetus pacificus (Longman, 1926)

Narwhal โ€” Monodon monoceros Linnaeus, 1758

Beluga Whale โ€” Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)

Australian Snubfin Dolphin โ€” Orcaella heinsohni Beasley, Robertson, and Arnold, 2005

Irrawaddy Dolphin โ€” Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866)

Killer Whale โ€” Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758)

Short-finned Pilot Whaleโ€”Globicephala macrorhynchus Gray, 1846

Long-finned Pilot Whale โ€” Globicephala melas (Traill, 1809)

False Killer Whaleโ€”Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846)

Pygmy Killer Whaleโ€”Feresa attenuata Gray, 1874

Melon-headed Whaleโ€”Peponocephala electra (Gray, 1846)

Rissoโ€™s Dolphinโ€”Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812)

Tucuxiโ€”Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais and Deville in Gervais, 1853)

Guiana Dolphinโ€”Sotalia guianensis (Van Bรฉnรฉden, 1864)

Rough-toothed Dolphinโ€”Steno bredanensis (G. Cuvier in Lesson, 1828)

Atlantic Humpback Dolphinโ€”Sousa teuszii (Kรผkenthal, 1892)

Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphinโ€” Sousa chinensis (Osbeck, 1765)

Indian Ocean Humpback Dolphinโ€” Sousa plumbea (G. Cuvier, 1829)

Australian Humpback Dolphinโ€” Sousa sahulensis Jefferson and Rosenbaum, 2014

Common Bottlenose Dolphinโ€”Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)

Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphinโ€”Tursiops aduncus (Ehrenberg, 1833)

Pantropical Spotted Dolphinโ€”Stenella attenuata (Gray, 1846)

Atlantic Spotted Dolphinโ€”Stenella frontalis (G. Cuvier, 1829)

Spinner Dolphin โ€” Stenella longirostris (Gray, 1828)

Clymene Dolphinโ€”Stenella clymene (Gray, 1850)

Striped Dolphinโ€” Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833)

Short-beaked Common Dolphinโ€”Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758

Long-beaked Common Dolphinโ€”Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828

Fraserโ€™s DoIphinโ€”Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser, 1956

White-beaked Dolphinโ€” Lagenorhynchus albirostris (Gray, 1846)

Atlantic White-sided Dolphinโ€”Lagenorhynchus acutus (Gray, 1828)

Pacific White-sided DoIphinโ€” Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Gill, 1865

Dusky Dolphinโ€” Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828)

Hourglass Dolphinโ€”Lagenorhynchus cruciger (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824)

Pealeโ€™s Dolphinโ€”Lagenorhynchus australis (Peale, 1848)

Northern Right Whale Dolphinโ€”Lissodelphis borealis (Peale, 1848)

Southern Right Whale Dolphinโ€”Lissodelphis peronii (Lacรฉpรจde, 1804)

Commersonโ€™s Dolphinโ€”Cephalorhynchus commersonii (Lacรฉpรจde, 1804)

Heavisideโ€™s Dolphinโ€”Cephalorhynchus heavisidii (Gray, 1828)

Hectorโ€™s Dolphinโ€”Cephalorhynchus hectori (Van Beneden, 1881)

Chilean Dolphinโ€”Cephalorhynchus eutropia (Gray, 1846)

Dallโ€™s Porpoiseโ€”Phocoenoides dalli (True, 1885)

Harbor Porpoiseโ€”Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus, 1758)

Spectacled Porpoiseโ€”Phocoena dioptrica Lahille, 1912

Burmeisterโ€™s Porpoiseโ€”Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeister, 1865

Vaquitaโ€”Phocoena sinus Norris and McFarland, 1958

Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoiseโ€”Neophocaena phocaenoides (G. Cuvier, 1829)

Narrow-ridged Finless Porpoiseโ€”Neophocaena asiaeorientalis (Pilleri and Gihr, 1972)

South Asian River Dolphinโ€” Platanista gangetica (Lebeck, 1801)

Amazon River Dolphinโ€”Inia geoffrensis (Blainville, 1817)

Franciscanaโ€” Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais and dโ€™Orbigny, 1844)

5: Pinnipeds

Northern Fur Sealโ€”Callorhinus ursinus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Antarctic Fur Sealโ€”Arctocephalus gazella (Peters, 1875)

Juan Fernandez and Guadalupe Fur Sealsโ€”Arctocephalus philippii (Peters, 1866)

Galapagos Fur Sealโ€”Arctocephalus galapagoensis Heller, 1904

South American Fur Sealโ€”Arctocephalus australis (Zimmerman, 1783)

New Zealand Fur Seal-Arctocephalus forsteri (Lesson, 1828)

Subantarctic Fur Sealโ€”Arctocephalus tropicalis (Gray, 1872)

Cape and Australian Fur Sealsโ€”Arctocephalus pusillus (Schreber, 1775)

Steller Sea Lionโ€”Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776)

California Sea Lionโ€”Zalophus californianus (Lesson, 1828)

Galapagos Sea Lionโ€”Zalophus wollebaeki Sivertsen, 1953

South Amreican Sea Lionโ€”Otaria flacescens (Shaw, 1800)

Australian Sea Lionโ€”Neophoca cinerea (Peron, 1816)

New Zealand Sea Lionโ€”Phocarctos hookeri (Gray, 1844)

Walrusโ€”Odobenus rosmarus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Hawaiian Monk SeaIโ€”Neomonachus schauinslandi Matschie. 1905

Mediterranean Monk Sealโ€”Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779)

Ross Sealโ€”Ommatophoca rossii Gray, 1844

Crabeater Sealโ€”Lobodon carcinophaga (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1842)

Leopard Sealโ€”Hydrurga leptonyx (Blainville, 1820)

Weddell Sealโ€”Leptonychotes weddellii (Lesson, 1826)

Southern Elephant Sealโ€”Mirounga leonina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Northern Elephant Sealโ€”Mirounga angustirostris (Gill, 1866)

Bearded Sealโ€”Erignathus barbatus (Erxleben, 1777)

Hooded Sealโ€”Cystophora cristata (Erxleben, 1777)

Gray Sealโ€”Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)

Ribbon Sealโ€”Histriophoca fasciata (Zimmerman, 1783)

Harp Sealโ€”Pagophilus groenlandicus (Erxleben, 1777)

Harbor Sealโ€”Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758

Spotted SeaIโ€”Phoca largha (Pallas, 1811)

Ringed SeaIโ€”Pusa hispida (Schreber, 1775)

Baikal Sealโ€”Pusa sibirica (Gmelin, 1788)

Caspian Sealโ€”Pusa caspica (Gmelin, 1788)

6: Sirenians

West Indian Manatee โ€” Trichechus manatus Linnaeus, 1758

African Manateeโ€”Trichechus senegalensis Link, 1795

Amazonian Manateeโ€”Trichechus inunguis (Natterer, 1883)

Dugongโ€”Dugong dugon (Mรผller, 1776)

7: Otters & Polar Bear

Sea Otterโ€”Enhydra lutris (Linneaus, 1758)

Marine Otterโ€”Lontra felina (Molina, 1782)

Polar Bearโ€”Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774

8: Extinct Species

Baijiโ€”Lipotes vexillifer Miller, 1918

Japanese Sea Lionโ€”Zalophus japonicus (Peters, 1866)

Caribbean Monk Seal?โ€”?Neomonachus tropicalis (Gray, 1850)

Stellerโ€™s Sea Cowโ€”Hydrodamalis gigas (Zimmerman, 1780)

9: Identification Keys

General Notes on the Use of the Keys

A Key to Identification of Cetaceans of the World, Based on External Appearance

B Key to Identification of Cetaceans of the World, Based on Skull Morphology

C Key to Identification of Baleen Whales of the World, Based on Baleen Plates

D Key to Identification of Pinnipeds of the World, Based on External Appearance

E Key to Identification of Pinnipeds of the World, Based on Skull Morphology

F Key to Identification of Sirenians of the World, Based on External Appearance and Distribution

G Key to Identification of Sirenians of the World, Based on Skull Morphology

10: Sources for More Information

Indexโ€”Common Names

Indexโ€”Scientific Names

Photo Credit Suplementary Information

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