Preface xiiiAcknowledgments xv
Section I Canine techniques 31. What is the technique for collection of a vaginal cytology specimen? 52. How do I interpret vaginal cytology? 73. What equipment do I need to perform vaginoscopy and how do I interpret what I see? 134. What is the technique for vaginography? 19
5. What techniques are available for pregnancy diagnosis and when are they best used? 21
6. What is the technique for semen collection from male dogs? 25
7. What is the technique for semen evaluation in dogs? 29
8. What is the technique for testicular ultrasound and how do I interpret what I see? 35
9. What is the technique for prostatic fine-needle aspirate or biopsy? 37
10. What is the technique for testicular fine-needle aspirate and how do I interpret what I see? 39
11. What is the technique for testicular biopsy? 41
12. What is the technique for preparation of chilled semen in dogs? 43
13. What is the technique for preparation of frozen semen in dogs? 47
14. What is the technique for vaginal insemination? 51
15. What is the technique for transcervical insemination? 55
16. What is the technique for surgical insemination? 57
17. What is the technique for anesthesia for Cesarean section? 59
18. What is the technique for Cesarean section? 63
Section II Canine reproductive physiology 67
19. What is the normal age for puberty onset in bitches and dogs? 69
20. What are the normal parameters for the estrous (heat) cycle in bitches? 71
21. What are the normal parameters for semen quality in dogs? 75
Section III Canine reproductive management 79
22. What age is best for ovariohysterectomy of female dogs? 81
23. When is it best to perform ovariohysterectomy of female dogs relative to heat? 83
24. What age is best for castration of male dogs? 85
25. Are nonsurgical alternatives available for sterilization or contraception of female or male dogs? 87
26. What comprises recommended pre-breeding evaluation for bitches? 91
27. What effect does hypothyroidism have on fertility? 93
28. What are the pros and cons of treatment with antibiotics during heat in bitches? 95
29. How do I use progesterone and other measures for breeding management? 97
30. What drugs are unsafe to use during pregnancy in bitches? 101
31. Are there dietary supplements proven to improve fertility in bitches? 105
32. How can we prevent dystocia? 107
33. What are the normal physiologic and physical changes in bitches pre-partum? 109
34. How can I terminate pregnancy in bitches? 111
35. Should bitches be spayed at the time of removal of a mammary mass? 115
36. Are there dietary supplements proven to improve semen quality in male dogs? 117
37. Can I locate retained testes without surgery? 119
38. Is there a medical therapy to cause testes to descend into the scrotum after 8 weeks of age? 121
Section IV Canine disease 123
39. How do I diagnose and treat dystocia? 125
40. How do I diagnose and treat eclampsia (hypocalcemia)? 129
41. What are the causes of prolonged vulvar discharge after whelping in bitches? 131
42. What is the best treatment for puppy vaginitis? Should the dog be allowed to go through one heat cycle? 133
43. What is the best treatment for chronic vaginitis in a spayed female dog? 135
44. How do I test for and treat canine brucellosis? 139
45. What are the causes of vulvar discharge during pregnancy? 143
46. What diagnostic tests can be performed to identify the cause of pregnancy loss? 145
47. How do I diagnose and treat pyometra in bitches? 149
48. What are the causes of agalactia in bitches and how is it best treated? 155
49. How do I treat mastitis in a nursing bitch? 157
50. What are the causes of persistent estrus (heat) in dogs? 161
51. What are the causes of lack of cycling (persistent anestrus) in dogs? 165
52. What is the diagnostic approach for infertility of a bitch? 169
53. How do I treat benign prostatic hypertrophy? 173
54. How do I treat prostatitis? 177
55. What is the best treatment for recurrent paraphimosis (extrusion of the penis from the prepuce) in neutered male dogs? 179
56. What is the diagnostic approach for infertility of a male dog? 181
Section V Feline techniques 185
57. What is the technique for collection of a vaginal cytology specimen? 187
58. How do I interpret vaginal cytology? 189
59. What techniques are available for pregnancy diagnosis and when are they best used? 191
60. What are the techniques for semen collection from male cats? 193
61. What is the technique for semen evaluation in cats? 195
62. What is the technique for vaginal insemination? 199
63. What is the technique for surgical insemination? 201
64. What is the technique for anesthesia for Cesarean section? 203
65. What is the technique for Cesarean section? 207
Section VI Feline reproductive physiology 209
66. What is the normal age for puberty onset in queens and toms? 211
67. What are the normal parameters for the estrous (heat) cycle in queens? 213
68. What are the normal parameters for semen quality in cats? 215
Section VII Feline reproductive management 217
69. What age is best for ovariohysterectomy of female cats? 219
70. When is it best to perform ovariohysterectomy of female cats relative to heat? 221
71. What age is best for castration of male cats? 223
72. Are nonsurgical alternatives available for sterilization or contraception of female or male cats? 225
73. What comprises recommended pre-breeding evaluation for queens? 227
74. How do I use progesterone and other measures for breeding management? 229
75. What drugs are unsafe to use during pregnancy in queens? 231
76. How can I terminate pregnancy in queens? 233
77. Should queens be spayed at the time of removal of a mammary mass? 235
Section VIII Feline disease 237
78. How do I diagnose and treat dystocia? 239
79. What diagnostic tests can be performed to identify the cause of pregnancy loss? 243
80. How do I diagnose and treat pyometra in queens? 245
81. How do I treat mastitis in a nursing queen? 249
82. What are the causes of persistent estrus (heat) in cats? 251
83. What are the causes of lack of cycling (persistent anestrus) in cats? 253
84. What are the causes of estrus after ovariohysterectomy of female cats? 255
85. What are the causes of persistent male behavior after castration of male cats? 257
86. What is the diagnostic approach for infertility of a queen? 259
87. What is the diagnostic approach for infertility of a male cat? 261
Section IX Pediatric techniques 263
88. What are some of the techniques for venipuncture? 265
89. What are some of the techniques for collection of a urine sample? 267
90. What is the technique for placement of an intraosseous catheter? 269
91. How do I determine safety and efficacy and calculate correct dosage for drugs used in puppies and kittens? 271
Section X Pediatric physical examination and management 275
92. What are normal physical examination findings at various ages in puppies and kittens? 277
93. What are normal values on complete blood count chemistry profile and urinalysis of puppies and kittens? 281
94. How are orphan puppies and kittens best fed? 285
95. What flea and tick control products are safe to use in puppies and kittens? 289
Section XI Pediatric disease 291
96. What are the causes of failure to thrive in puppies and kittens? 293
97. What are the common causes of diarrhea in puppies and kittens? 299
98. What are the clinical manifestations of septicemia and how is it diagnosed and treated? 301
99. How is neonatal isoerythrolysis diagnosed treated and prevented in cats? 303
100. What are the causes of stillbirths and neonatal mortality in kittens and puppies? 305
Resources 307
Index 309
By Margaret V. Root Kustritz
