1 GENERAL ASPECTS OF OBESITY
Definition
Epidemiology
Factors involved in obesity
Veterinary team
Patient: breed and sex
The owner: energy balance and type of diet
Diseases associated with obesity
Increased anaesthetic and surgical risk in obese patients
2 ADIPOSE TISSUE
Formation, types, dynamics, and functions
Composition and origin
Adipose tissue function
Endocrine regulation of energy balance
Neuroendocrine regulation of food consumption
What is the key to obesity?
Obesity and feline diabetes
3 IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF
OBESE PATIENTS
Weight denominations and errors in calculating weight
Body composition, evaluation, and weight
Diagnostic methods in research
Chemical cadaver analysis
In vitro studies
In vivo studies
Diagnostic methods in clinical practice
Lumbar ultrasound
Morphometric measurements: biometrics
Body condition score (BCS)
Biochemical markers
4 COMMUNICATION WITH OWNERS
Introduction
Interaction with the owner
Models
Types of pet owners
5 NUTRIENTS IN WEIGHT-LOSS
PROGRAMMES
Energy
Fat and fat-soluble nutrients
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Vitamin E and selenium
Fibre
Protein
Carbohydrates
Dietary supplements
6 DIETARY MANAGEMENT IN WEIGHTLOSS
PROGRAMMES
Protocol
Introduction
How are the patient’s requirements determined?
Target weight and RER
By subtracting daily mass loss from current weight
Dietary restriction based on an optimal (target) weight considering
maintenance requirements
What is the patient’s daily ration?
Calculation based on product label information
Calculation based on the energy content of the food
How is the recommended daily ration administered to the patient?
Monitoring progress
7 TREATMENT OF OBESITY
Workplan
Initial approach
Duration and cost of treatment
Food selection
Agreed rewards
Exercise and lifestyle
Pharmacological treatment of obesity
Drugs with peripheral mode of action
Central-acting drugs
Surgical treatment of obese patients
Bariatric surgery
Liposuction
8 PREVENTION OF OBESITY
The rebound or yo-yo effect
The yo-yo effect: underlying pathophysiology and factors involved
Preventive strategies
Monitoring during different stages
Monitoring during growth
Monitoring in adult patients
Neutered animals
REFERENCES
