The Biology and Identification of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of Rabbits of the World

The Biology and Identification of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of Rabbits of the World PDF

By Donald Duszynski, Lee Couch

The Biology and Identification of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of Rabbits of the World PDF is a taxonomic summation of a damaging intestinal parasite found in rabbits and transmissible to other species, including humans. This book conceptually and historically summarizes the world’s literature on the parasite and also provides a quick guide to isolation procedures, identification, strategies for management, and available chemotherapy. It is a vital source of knowledge about coccidia’s real and potential transmission to humans, which can lead to dangerous health problems, like severe dehydration, vomiting, lethargy and even death.

Coccidiosis is an intestinal disease that affects several different animal species, including canines and humans, and is one of the most prevalent protozoal infections in North America. The causative agent is a protozoan that has the ability to multiply rapidly and cause major damage in the intestinal wall, rupturing the cells of the intestinal lining. The final stage, the oocyst, is extremely resistant to environmental stress and is difficult to completely remove from the environment. Oocysts are frequent contaminants of feed and water and when the sporulated oocysts are ingested by other animals, they start the life cycle over in the new host. With the demand for rabbits in scientific research and for rabbit meat for human consumption increasingly globally each year, rabbits are of epidemiologic significance for laboratory workers, university researchers, veterinarians, pet owners, and breeders.

  • Evaluates the scientific and scholarly merit of each of the publications written about coccidian from every rabbit species, providing a complete historical rendition
  • A treatise for the identification of coccidia and their treatment as needed
  • Written in a style that can be understood by most educated lay persons and laboratory workers
  • Written by the first ranked author team among the world-class parasitologists who study coccidia
  • Combined in one single source, this book follows the gold standards in coccidian biology and identification
  • Brings all that information together in one volume and solves the problems faced by researchers, veterinarians, students and others in trying to find and navigate through this scattered literature

Read more: Rabbit Behaviour, Health and Care

Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments

Chapter 1. Introduction

Rabbits are Food, Pets, Lab Animals, and Pests

Rabbits and the History of Discovery of the Coccidia

High Prevalence and Multiple Species

An Emerging Disease Problem

Coccidiosis: Disease, Symptoms, Perpetrators

Epidemiology of Disease in Rabbits and its Limitations

The Species Concept

Taxonomy and Systematics Crises Affect Biodiversity

Modern DNA Taxonomy

Taxonomy vs. Barcoding

Parasites, Shrinking Ecosystems, and Disease

Chapter 2. Lagomorpha Origins and Diversification

Lagomorph Biodiversity and Familial Relationships

Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography

Chapter 3. Coccidia (Eimeriidae) of the Family Ochotonidae: Genus Ochotona

Introduction

Family Ochotonidae Thomas, 1897

Eimeria banffensis Lepp, Todd & Samuel, 1973

Eimeria barretti Lepp, Todd & Samuel, 1972

Eimeria calentinei Duszynski & Brunson, 1973

Eimeria circumborealis Hobbs & Samuel, 1974

Eimeria cryptobarretti Duszynski & Brunson, 1973

Eimeria daurica Matschoulsky, 1947a

Eimeria erschovi Matschoulsky, 1949

Eimeria haibeiensis Yi-Fan, Run-Roung, Jian-Hua, Jiang-Hui & Duszynski, 2009

Eimeria klondikensis Hobbs & Samuel, 1974

Eimeria metelkini Matschoulsky, 1949

Eimeria ochotona Matschoulsky, 1949

Eimeria princepsis Duszynski & Brunson, 1973

Eimeria qinghaiensisYi-Fan, Run-Roung, Jian-Hua, Jiang-Hui & Duszynski, 2009

Eimeria worleyiLepp, Todd & Samuel, 1972

Isospora marquardti Duszynski & Brunson, 1972

Isospora yukonensis Hobbs & Samuel, 1974

Species Inquirendae (5+)

Discussion and Summary

Chapter 4. Coccidia (Eimeriidae) from the Family Leporidae: Genus Brachylagus

Family Leporidae Fischer, 1817

Chapter 5. Coccidia (Eimeriidae) from the Family Leporidae: Genus Lepus

Introduction

Host Genus Lepus Linnaeus, 1758

Eimeria athabascensis Samoil & Samuel, 1977a

Eimeria audubonii Duszynski & Marquardt, 1969 (Figures 7.2, 7.3)

Eimeria bainae Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria cabareti Aoutil, Bertani, cordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria campania (Carvalho, 1943) Levine & Ivens, 1972

Eimeria coquelinae Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria europaea Pellérdy, 1956

Eimeria exigua Yakimoff, 1934 (Figures 6.4, 6.5)

Eimeria gantieri Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria gobiensis Gardner, Saggerman, Batsaikan, Ganzorig, Tinnin & Duszynski, 2009

Eimeria groenlandica Madsen, 1938 Emend. Levine & Ivens, 1972

Eimeria holmesi Samoil & Samuel, 1977a

Eimeria hungarica Pellérdy, 1956

Eimeria intestinalis Cheissin, 1948 (Figures 6.8, 6.9)

Eimeria irresidua Kessel & Jankiewicz, 1931 (Figures 6.10, 6.11)

Eimeria keithi Samoil & Samuel, 1977a

Eimeria lapierrei Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria leporis Nieschulz, 1923

Eimeria macrosculpta Sugár, 1979

Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925b (Figures 6.12, 6.13)

Eimeria matsubayashii Tsunoda, 1952 (Figure 6.14)

Eimeria media Kessel, 1929 (Figures 6.15, 6.16)

Eimeria minima Carvalho, 1943 (Figure 7.11)

Eimeria neoleporis Carvalho, 1942 (Figure 7.14)

Eimeria nicolegerae Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria perforans (Leuckart, 1879) Sluiter & Schwellengrebed, 1912 (Figures 6.19, 6.20)

Eimeria pierrecouderti Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria piriformis Kotlán & Pospesch, 1934 (Figures 6.21, 6.22)

Eimeria punjabensis Gill & Ray, 1960

Eimeria reniai Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria robertsoni (Madsen, 1938) Carvalho, 1943

Eimeria rochesterensis Samoil & Samuel, 1977a

Eimeria rowani Samoil & Samuel, 1977a

Eimeria ruficaudati Gill & Ray, 1960

Eimeria sculpta Madsen, 1938

Eimeria semisculpta (Madsen, 1938) Pellérdy, 1956

Eimeria septentrionalis Yakimoff, Matschoulsky & Spartansky, 1936

Eimeria stefanskii Pastuszko, 1961a

Eimeria stiedai (Lindemann, 1865) Kisskalt and Hartmann, 1907 (Figures 6.25, 6.26)

Eimeria sylvilagi Carini, 1940 (Figure 7.19)

Eimeria tailliezi Aoutil, Bertani, Bordes, Snounou, Chabaud & Landau, 2005

Eimeria townsendi (Carvalho, 1943) Pellérdy, 1956

Species Inquirendae (7)

Discussion and Summary

Chapter 6. Coccidia (Eimeriidae) of the Family Leporidae: Genus Oryctolagus

Introduction

Host Genus Oryctolagus Lilljeborg, 1874

Eimeria exigua Yakimoff, 1934

Eimeria flavescens Marotel & Guilhon, 1941

Eimeria intestinalis Cheissin, 1948

Eimeria irresidua Kessel & Jankiewicz, 1931

Eimeria leporis Nieschulz, 1923 (Figures 5.26, 5.27)

Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925b

Eimeria matsubayashii Tsunoda, 1952

Eimeria media Kessel & Jankiewicz, 1931

Eimeria nagpurensis Gill & Ray, 1960

Eimeria neoleporis Carvalho, 1942 (Figure 7.14)

Eimeria oryctolagi Ray & Banik, 1965b

Eimeria perforans (Leuckart, 1879) Sluiter & Swellengrebel, 1912

Eimeria piriformis Kotlán & Pospesch, 1934

Eimeria roobroucki Grés, Marchandeau & Landau, 2002

Eimeria stiedai (Lindemann, 1865) Kisskalt & Hartmann, 1907

Eimeria vejdovskyi (Pakandl, 1988) Pakandl & Coudert, 1999

Species Inquirendae (1)

Discussion and Summary

Chapter 7. Coccidia (Eimeriidae) of the Family Leporidae: Genus Sylvilagus

Introduction

Host Genus Sylvilagus Gray, 1867

Eimeria azul Wiggins and Rothenbacher, 1979

Eimeria environ Honess, 1939

Eimeria exigua Yakimoff, 1934 (Figures 6.4, 6.5)

Eimeria honessi (Carvalho, 1943) Emend. Levine and Ivens, 1972 and Pellérdy, 1974

Eimeria irresidua Kessel and Jankiewicz, 1931 (Figures 6.10, 6.11)

Eimeria leporis Nieschulz, 1923 (Figures 5.26, 5.27)

Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925b (Figures 6.12, 6.13)

Eimeria maior Honess, 1939

Eimeria media Kessel & Jankiewicz, 1931 (Figures 6.15, 6.16)

Eimeria minima Carvalho, 1943

Eimeria neoirresidua Duszynski and Marquardt, 1969

Eimeria neoleporis Carvalho, 1942

Eimeria paulistana Da Fonseca, 1933

Eimeria perforans (Leuckart, 1879) Sluiter and Swellengrebel, 1912 (Figures 6.19, 6.20)

Eimeria pintoensis da Fonseca, 1932

Eimeria poudrei Duszynski and Marquardt, 1969

Eimeria stiedai (Lindemann, 1865) Kisskalt and Hartmann, 1907 (Figures 6.25, 6.26)

Eimeria sylvilagi Carini, 1940

Species inquirendae (3)

Discussion and Summary

Chapter 8. Sarcocystidae Poche, 1913, the Predator-Prey Coccidia in Rabbits: Besnoitia, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma

Introduction

Sarcocystinae Poche, 1913

Family Ochotonidae Thomas, 1897

Family Leporidae G. Fischer, 1817

Host Genus Oryctolagus Lilljeborg, 1874

Host Genus Sylvilagus Gray, 1867

Sarcocystis Species Inquirendae (13)

Family Leporidae G. Fischer, 1817

Host Genus Sylvilagus Gray, 1867

Toxoplasmatinae Biocca, 1957

Family Ochotonidae Thomas, 1897

Family Leporidae G. Fischer, 1817

Host Genus Oryctolagus Lilljeborg, 1874

Natural Infections of Besnoitia in Rabbits

Host Genus Sylvilagus Gray, 1867

Besnoitia Species Inquirendae (2)

Toxoplasma Nicolle and Manceaux, 1909, in Rabbits

Family Ochotonidae Thomas, 1897

Family Leporidae G. Fischer, 1817

Host Genus Oryctolagus Lilljeborg, 1874

Host Genus Sylvilagus Gray, 1867

Clinical Toxoplasmosis

Chapter 9. Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis in Rabbits

Introduction

Cryptosporidium in Rabbits

Family Leporidae G. Fischer, 1817

Species Inquirendae (2)

Zoonotic Potential of Rabbit Coccidia

Chapter 10. Strategies for Management, Control, and Chemotherapy

Introduction

Management

Generic Methods of Control

Immunological Control

Chemotherapy/Chemoprophylaxis

Chapter 11. Summary and Conclusions

Introduction

Oocyst Size, Structures and their Stability

Localization in the Rabbit Host: Tissue, Cells, and Parasite Development

Prepatent Period

Patency

Sporulation

Detection and Identification: Morphological, Immunological, Molecular

Oocyst Survival

Prevention of Contamination

Transmission: Entry of Oocysts into the Host

Excystation of Oocysts in the Digestive Tract

Endogenous Development and Some Peculiarities

Host Specificity and Cross-Transmission

Pathology

Phylogenetic Relationships of Rabbit Eimerians

Glossary and List of Abbreviations

Literature Cited (∗) and Related References

Index

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