Complications in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Surgery

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Complications in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Surgery

By David L. Dycus and Ron Ben-Amotz

Filling a gap in the current literature, Complications in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Surgery PDF provides revision strategies for correcting the complications associated with surgical repair techniques for cranial cruciate ligament rupture, one of the most common causes of a hind limb lameness in dogs. Presenting step-by-step instructions for numerous surgical correction techniques, this practical guide covers articular, extra-articular and osteotomy repair techniques as well as non-surgical management, physical rehabilitation, clinical decision making, and more.

Complications in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Surgery PDF begins with an overview of cranial cruciate ligament tear, diagnosis, and treatment goals, followed by a discussion of methods for minimizing surgical site infection and complications. Subsequent chapters describe the potential complications of a particular technique and explain how to identify, evaluate, and correct the complication. Throughout the book, hundreds of high-quality clinical photographs show the appearance of complications and demonstrate each step of the corrective procedure. This authoritative guide:

Provides step-by-step techniques for surgical corrections of common complications
Emphasizes surgical decision making and specific strategies for surgical correction
Contains revision strategies for identification of intra-operative complications
Covers evaluation and identification of post-operative complications
Features more than 400 photographs and clinical images

Part of the state-of-the-art Advances in Veterinary Surgery series, Complications in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Surgery is an invaluable resource for surgical residents, veterinary surgeons, and general practice veterinarians alike.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors vii
Preface ix
Foreword xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Disclosures xv
I Introduction 1
1 Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Goals of Cranial Cruciate Ligament
Rupture
and Defining Complications 3
David L. Dycus, Jeffery Biskup, Michael G.
Conzemius, and Ron Ben‐Amotz
2 Surgeon and Patient Preparation to
Minimize
Surgical Site Complications
and Infection
Surveillance Programs 15
Katie L. Hoddinott, J. Scott Weese,
and Ameet Singh
3 Identification, Addressing, and
Following
Up on Surgical Site Infection
After Cranial Cruciate Ligament
Stabilization
33
Katie L. Hoddinott, J. Scott Weese,
and Ameet Singh
II Intraarticular Repair
Techniques 43
4 Complications Associated with
Intraarticular Repair Techniques 45
Jeffery Biskup and Michael G. Conzemius
5 Complications Associated
with Proximal Tibial
Epiphysiodesis 61
Aldo Vezzoni, Joshua S. Zuckerman,
and Ron Ben‐Amotz
III Extraarticular Repair
Techniques 85
6 Extracapsular Stabilization Using
Synthetic Material 87
Ian G. Holsworth
7 Complications Associated with
Extracapsular
Stabilization Using
Monofilament Material 109
R. Randy Basinger
8 Complications Associated with
Extracapsular
Stabilization using
Multifilament
Material 121
Matt Corse and Ian G. Holsworth
IV Osteotomy Repair Techniques 145
9 Complications Associated with
Cranial Closing Wedge Osteotomy 147
Bill Oxley
10 Complications Associated with Tibial
Plateau
Leveling Osteotomy 163
Ron Ben‐Amotz and Joshua S. Zuckerman
11 Complications Associated with
CORA‐Based Leveling Osteotomy 189
David L. Dycus and Don Hulse

12 Complications Associated with Tibial
Tuberosity Advancement 199
Matthew D. Barnhart
13 Complications Associated with the
Modified Maquet Technique 217
Marc H. Balligand
V Nonsurgical Management and
Physical Rehabilitation 235
14 Complications Associated with Stifle
Orthotics 237
Bryan T. Torres and Steven C. Budsberg
15 Complications from Cranial Cruciate
Ligament Surgery: Rehabilitation
Considerations
247
Matthew W. Brunke, David Levine, David L.
Dycus, and Denis J. Marcellin‐Little
VI Adjunctive Information 261
16 Complications Associated with Feline
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Techniques 263
Sorrel J. Langley-Hobbs and
Eva Schnabl‐Feichter
17 Complications Associated with
Arthroscopic Evaluation of the Stifle
and Decision Making 287
Brian S. Beale, Stephen C. Jones,
and Selena Tinga
18 Complications Associated with the
Meniscus and Decision Making 307
Stephen C. Jones, Selena Tinga, and
Brian S. Beale
Index

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Small Animal Veterinary Psychiatry

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Small Animal Veterinary Psychiatry

By Sagi Denenberg

Small Animal Veterinary Psychiatry PDF. Problem behaviours are often the result of how an animal thinks and feels, genetics and environmental influences. Steering away from just description diagnoses and focusing instead on emotional and cognitive causes, this book provides a practical approach to diagnosing, treating, and managing behaviour pathologies in dogs and cats.

Beginning by addressing cases in the first opinion practice, Small Animal Veterinary Psychiatry PDF then considers physical disorders that may lead to or exacerbate abnormal behavior. From there, the focus shifts to mental and emotional health, from an assessment of normal behavior and giving juveniles an optimal start in life, to diagnosing mental and emotional disorders, addressing emotions such as anxiety and frustration, and how to manage these issues – by modifying behavior, managing the animal’s environment, training, and, when necessary, the use of medications. The second half of the book then addresses owner concerns, including management problems, aggression, affective disorder, elimination disorder, abnormal and repetitive behaviours and ageing-related problems.

With an emphasis on helping first line veterinarians identify common presentations and offer help to owners, this book:
– Addresses both normal and abnormal behaviour in cats and dogs from an emotion and cognition perspective;
– Provides behaviour modification protocols, and drug doses and indications;
– Includes handouts to be used both within the practice and with clients to help the veterinary surgeon manage the case.

Written by international experts, the book translates their insights and experience into approaches taken in behavioural medicine. Also including the most up-to-date drugs, it is an important resource for both small animal veterinarians and students of veterinary medicine or animal behaviour.

Table of Contents

Quick Guidebook to Canine and Feline Ophthalmology 2nd Edition

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Quick Guidebook to Canine and Feline Ophthalmology 2nd Edition

By Javier Esteban Martín

Quick Guidebook to Canine and Feline Ophthalmology 2nd Edition PDF provide both the veterinary surgeon and the student with a quick guide that will allow them to easily recognise the ophthalmological conditions most commonly seen in daily practice. All the images shown in this guide correspond to real-lifecases and are accompanied by brief texts that facilitate their understanding and turn this book into an excellent reference aid.

Table of Contents

Organisation of this guidebook

How to use this guidebook

Key for the Quick guidebook to canine and feline ophthalmology

1 Anatomical structures

Diagram of the eye and its adnexa

Lacrimal apparatus diagram

2 Eyelids

Palpebral agenesis

Palpebral dermoid

Entropion in a Shar Pei

Entropion in a Chow Chow

Entropion (surgical techniques)

Medial entropion

Lateral entropion

Cicatricial entropion

Entropion due to lack of support

Ectropion

Entropion/ectropion

Entropion/ectropion. Diamond eye

Euryblepharon

Palpebral laceration

Fungal blepharitis

Bacterial blepharitis

Parasitic blepharitis

Blepharitis (hypersensitivity)

Immune blepharitis

Palpebral neoplasms

Distichiasis

Districhiasis

Ectopic cilia

Trichiasis

Trichomegaly

Palpebral ptosis

Lagophthalmos

Chalazion

Hordeolum

Lentigo

Foreign bodies

3 Nictitating membrane

Prolapse of the nictitating membrane gland

Cartilage eversion

Plasmoma

Follicular conjunctivitis

Granulomas due to Leishmania

Lacerations/tears

Protrusion of the nictitating membrane

Neoplasms

Foreign bodies

Depigmentation of the free edge of the nictitating membrane

4 Conjunctiva

Conjunctival dermoid

Conjunctival cysts

Conjunctivitis

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Symblepharon

Drug plaques

Mucinosis

Haemorrhages

Chemosis

Wounds

Neoplasms

5 Cornea and sclera

Superficial corneal ulcer

Refractory corneal ulcer

Stromal ulcer

Deep corneal ulcer

Descemetocoele

Corneal perforation

Melting corneal ulcers

Chronic superficial keratitis

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Pigmentary keratitis

Feline eosinophilic keratitis

Corneal dystrophy

Corneal degeneration

Corneal oedema

Neoplasms

Foreign bodies

Feline corneal sequestrum

Dermoid cyst

Corneal abscess

Episcleritis

6 Uveal tract

Iris hypoplasia

Iris heterochromia

Persistent pupillary membrane

Uveitis

Iris cysts

Neoplasms

Iris atrophy

Melanosis

Hyphaema

7 The lens

Microphakia

Coloboma

Nuclear sclerosis

Cataracts

Lens subluxation

Lens luxation

8 Ocular fundus

Normal ocular fundus

Retinal detachment

Retinal haemorrhage

Retinal dysplasia

Optic nerve hypoplasia

Optic neuritis

Retinal degeneration

9 Globe and orbit

Enophthalmos

Exophthalmos

Atrophy of the globe

Buphthalmos

Retrobulbar abscess

Orbital cellulitis

Orbital neoplasms

Foreign bodies

Proptosis

10 Lacrimal apparatus

Epiphora

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Imperforate lacrimal punctum

Hypoplasia

Obstruction

Dacryocystitis

11 Glaucoma

Diagnosis

Classification

Clinical signs

Differential diagnosis

Treatment

Sequelae

Bibliography

Alphabetical index

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Minding Dogs: Humans, Canine Companions, and a New Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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By Michele Merritt

Minding Dogs: Humans, Canine Companions, and a New Philosophy of Cognitive Science PDF. While the past decade has seen a surge of research regarding canine cognition, this newfound interest has not caught the attention of many philosophers. Studies pertaining to dog minds have been pouring out of canine cognition labs all over the world, but they remain relatively ensconced within the scientific, sociological, and anthropological communities, and very little philosophical thought on dog cognition exists.

Philosophers certainly have not shied away from theorizing about the nature of nonhuman animal cognition generally. Theories range from Cartesian disavowal of all nonhuman intelligence to arguments that even fish have complex minds and therefore humans should not eat them. Serious philosophical considerations about dogs and their relationship to humans, however, remain incredibly rare. Even less common, if not entirely nonexistent, is a
critical examination of the question “What are dogs thinking?” and what asking and attempting to answer this question reveals, not so much about dogs, but about us.

With Minding Dogs Michele Merritt attempts to fill two significant gaps in the philosophy of animal cognition. First, she adds to the growing discussion on canine cognition, which has been overlooked until recently and requires more consideration. Second, she takes seriously our dynamic collaborations with our canine friends as crucial to understanding both their minds and our own.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1 Canine Minds: Historical Precedents and Current Curiosity

CHAPTER 2 Thinking-with Dogs and Dismantling Standard Cognitive Science

CHAPTER 3 Canine Mindreading and Interspecies Social Cognition

CHAPTER 4 Thinking-in-Playing: Social Cognition beyond Mindreading

CHAPTER 5 Dynamic Duos: Making-with, Thinking-with, and Enacting Interspecies Collaborations

POSTSCRIPT Six-Million-Dollar Dogs and the Future of Companion Species Studies

NOTES

WORKS CITED

INDEX

The Dog: Its Behavior, Nutrition, And Health, 3Rd Edition

Recommended Book:

The Dog: Its Behavior, Nutrition, and Health, 3rd Edition

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Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats: An Illustrated Text

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Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats: An Illustrated Text

By Ad Rijnberk , Hans S. Kooistra

Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats: An Illustrated Text PDF. Clinical endocrinology is a fascinating field requiring the challenging combination of broad pathophysiological interest and specific expertise in the field of endocrinology, thereby occupying a common ground between biochemistry, physiology and clinical medicine. In the majority of cases the clinician’s notion of the presence of an endocrine disease is largely based upon pattern recognition, in which physical changes play an important role. Therefore many color illustrations have been included throughout the text.
In addition there are many full color graphs and illustrations of diagnostic imaging and pathology. With over 350 illustrations the book represents a richly illustrated text on the diseases of endocrine glands. For each gland there is an introductory section on the relevant morphology and physiology, followed by descriptions of the disorders of the gland. When endocrine diseases are quite different in dogs and cats, separate descriptions are given for these species. Protocols for function tests and emergency treatments are presented in the last chapters. Consequently the book provides the user with both comprehensive descriptions and quick references.
Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats: An Illustrated Text has been written by leading clinicians in the field, with contributions from two biochemists, a radiologist and pathologist. As such a valuable textbook for veterinary students and practitioners has been compiled to fulfil the need for an up-to-date and complete book on endocrine diseases of dogs and cats.

Directed at use in clinical practice.
Symptoms illustrated by numerous photographs.
Endocrine principles explained by many drawings.
Detailed protocols for diagnosis and treatment.
Algorithms for the elucidation of clinical problems.

Table of Contents

Contents
Authors
Abbreviations
Preface to the first edition
Preface to the second edition

1 Introduction

2 Hypothalamus-Pituitary System

3 Thyroids

4 Adrenals

5 Endocrine Pancreas

6 Gonadal Development and Disorders of Sexual Differentiation

7 Ovaries

8 Testes

9 Calciotropic Hormones

10 Tissue Hormones and Humoral Manifestations of Cancer

11 Obesity

12 Protocols for Function Tests

13 Treatment Protocols

14 Algorithms

Index

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Genetic Improvement of Farmed Animals

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Genetic Improvement of Farmed Animals

By Geoff Simm, Geoff Pollott, Raphael Mrode, Ross Houston and Karen Marshall

Genetic Improvement of Farmed Animals provides a thorough grounding in the basic sciences underpinning farmed animal breeding. Relating science to practical application, it covers all the major farmed animal species: cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs and aquaculture species.

The book:

Provides comprehensive coverage – from fundamental genetics, analysis of variation, prediction of breeding values and response to selection, through to application of modern genomics and biotechnology.
Illustrates the practical application of theory in temperate and tropical systems.
Outlines current practice and explores future directions, including sustainability and ethical implications, to leave readers completely up to date.

Based on the previous bestseller, Genetic Improvement of Cattle and Sheep, this book has been completely revised, expanded and redesigned to be an essential textbook for undergraduate, masters and other early postgraduate-level students in agriculture, animal and veterinary science, as well as breeders, farmers, industry technical staff, advisors and extension workers.

Table of Contents

Radiographic Interpretation for the Small Animal Clinician 2nd Edition

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Radiographic Interpretation for the Small Animal Clinician 2nd Edition

By Jerry Owens, Darryl Biery

Radiographic Interpretation for the Small Animal Clinician 2nd Edition PDF serves as a practical guide to radiographic interpretation and the imaging modalities used in small animal practice. The presentation incorporates a brief discussion of the technology of each modality, its use and application, and the decision process for using each modality. All imaging modalities presently in use by veterinarians are represented including plain film, MRI, ultrasound, and CT.

Atlas Of Radiographic Interpretation In Small Animals, 2Nd Edition

Recommended Book:

Atlas of Radiographic Interpretation in Small Animals, 2nd Edition [New]

Table of Contents

Radiographic Interpretation for the Small Animal Clinician 2nd Edition Contents?

1 . The Scope of Diagnostic Imaging in Small Animal

Practice …………..
Philosophy of Imaging … .
Imaging Interpretation . . . .
Types of Imaging Procedures
Diagnostic Radiology . . . . .
Radiographic Technique
Positioning . . . . .
Film Identification
Fluoroscopy . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nuclear Medicine Imaging

2. Principles of Radiographic

Interpretation . . . . . .
Introduction .. . . ..
Radiopacity . .. . .. .
Basic Radiographic Opacities
Bone Opacity
Soft Tissue Opacity
Fat Opacity
Gas Opacity …..
Geometry of the Radiographic Image
Radiographic Interpretation . . . .
Viewing Area …… . ..
Three-Dimensional Concept
Process of Examining the
Radiographs …….. … … .

3. Radiographic Contrast

Procedures .. . ..
Patient Preparation . . . . .. .
Contrast Media . .. ….. .
T ypes of Contrast Media
Ionic and Nonionic
Barium Sulfate Contrast Media
Adverse Effects of Barium Sulfate
Adverse Effects of Negative Contrast
Media .. . . . .. .. . . .
Contrast Examination Techniques
Intravenous Urography . . .
Cystography ……… .
Double Contrast Cystography
Positive Contrast Cystography
Pneumocystography
U rethrography
Vaginography
Esophagography
Gastrography
Upper Gastrointestinal Study
Barium Enema .. . . . . . .
Double Contrast Barium Enema
Pneumocolon or Positive Contrast
Colonic Examination
Peritoneography
Myelography
Epidurography
Discography
Arthrography
Angiography: Selective and
Nonselective . . … .
Venous Portography . . .
Pneumopericardiography
Fistulography . . . . .. .
Tracheography and Bronchography
Pleurography
Sialography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dacryocystorhinography
Otic Canalography …
Rhinography . .
Lymphography
Extrem ities
Anatomy. . . . .. . ……… .
Normal Bone Development and
Growth ………… .
Accessory Ossification Centers and
Sesamoid Bones …….. .
Variable Ossification Centers
Clinical and Radiographic Correlations
Radiographic Technique ..
Radiographic Interpretation
Definitions .
DiseasesIDisorders
Osteoporosis
Osteopetrosis
Ectrodactyly
Polydactyly
Syndactyly .
Hemimelia .
Chondrodysplasia
Pituitary Dwarfism
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia
Enchondrodystrophy . . . . . .
Dwarfism of Alaskan Malamutes
Dwarfism of Norwegian Elkhound
Chondrodysplasia of Great
Pyrenees ………….. .
Skeletal-Retinal Dysplasia in Labrador
Retrievers .. …. … .
Ocular-Skeletal Dwarfism in
Samoyed ……… .
Metaphyseal Tibial Dysplasia
Mucopolysaccharidosis
Feline Osteodystrophy …..
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy
Retained Enchondral Cartilage of the
Distal Ulna ………….. .
Rickets

Growth Arrest Line (Growth Retardation
Line) ………..
Hypertrophic Osteopathy

Panosteitis .. .
Lead Poisoning
Bone Infarcts
Fractures
Fracture Healing
Radiographic Evaluation of Fracture
Healing …. … .
Fracture Complications ……..

Diseases/Disorders … . … . . ….
Classification of Fracture
Complications 48
Delayed Union 48
Nonunion … 49
Malunion 49
Pseudo arthrosis 49
Premature Physeal Closure
Osteomyelitis: Bacterial and
Mycotic . ……. .
Protozoan Osteomyelitis
Neoplasia . .. . . .. . .. . …. .
DiseasesIDisorders …… .
Primary Benign Bone Tumors
and Cysts …… .
Primary Malignant Bone
Neoplasia …… .
Metastatic Malignant Bone
Neoplasia …….. .
Musculocutaneous Soft Tissue Diseases
Diseases/Disorders ……… .
Soft Tissue Swelling …….. .
Musculocutaneous Soft Tissue Masses
Musculocutaneous Emphysema
Soft Tissue Mineralization
Foreign Bodies
Arteriovenous Fistula
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphedema

5. Joints …………… .

Anatomy . . .. . ……… . .
Synovial Joints (Diarthroses) …
Fibrous Joints (Synarthroses)
Cartilage Joints (Synchondroses)
Radiographic Technique ..
Projections . ….. . .. . .. . .
Radiographic Interpretation …. . . .
Clinical and Radiographic Correlations
DiseasesIDisorders …….. .
Congenital Malformations
Conformational Deformities
Osteochondrosis and Osteochondritis
Dissecans .
Trauma ….
Physeal Injury
Osteoarthritis
Infectious Arthritis
Bacterial Arthritis
Mycoplasma and L-Forms of Bacterial
Arthritis ….. .
Rickettsial Arthritis .
Spirochetal Arthritis
Viral Arthritis
Fungal Arthritis …
Noninfectious Arthritis …. .
Idiopathic Polyarthritis …. .
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Polyarthritis/Polymyositis Complex
Polyarthritis/Meningitis Syndrome .
Sjogren Syndrome ….. .
Familial Renal Amyloidosis
Heritable Polyarthritis
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Erosive Arthritis ….
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Reiter Disease ….
Feline Polyarthritis .
Polyarthritis of the Greyhound
Synovial Cell Sarcoma .
Primary Bone Sarcoma
Metastatic Neoplasia ..
Synovial Osteochondromatosis
Villonodular Synovitis

SHOULDER ….. .

Radiographic Technique
DiseaselDisorders
Luxation
Fracture …
Osteochondrosis/Osteochondritis
Dissecans ……….. .
Biceps Tendinopathy .. . . . .
Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus
Tendinopathy
Shoulder Dysplasia
Osteoarthritis

ELBOW ….. .

Radiographic Technique
DiseaseslDisorders
Elbow Dysplasia
Osteochondrosis/Osteochondritis of
Humeral Condyle ……… .
Ununited Anconeal Process
Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process
Distractio Cubiti ……….. .
Incomplete Ossification of Humeral
Condyle .
Luxation ……… .
Subluxation ……. .
Medial Epicondylar Spur

CARPUS …….. .

Radiographic Technique ..
Diseases/Disorders
Luxation/Subluxation
Fracture . . . . . . . . .

DIGITS- Metacarpus/Metatarsus/Phalanges

Radiographic Technique
Radiographic Anatomy
DiseaseslDisorders . …
FractureILuxation .
Sesamoid Bone Fractures

Digital Neoplasia

COXOFEMORAL JOINTS AND PELVIS

Radiographic Technique
Radiographic Anatomy
DiseaseslDisorders ….

STIFLE

Coxofemoral Luxation
Fractures of the Pelvis
Sacroiliac Luxation
Femoral HeadlNeck Fractures
Ischemic Necrosis of Femoral
Head . .. …… … .
Hip Dysplasia …….. .
Hip Dysplasia Control Programs
Radiographic Technique
Diseases/Disorders ….
Cranial Cruciate Ligament
Injury …… …. .
Caudal Cruciate Ligament
Injury …….. .. .

Osteochondrosis/Osteochondritis
Dissecans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Luxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Avulsion of the Tendon of Origin of
the Long Digital Extensor …
Avulsion of the Origin of the Popliteal
Muscle … . ……
Intraarticular Ossification
Avulsion of the Tibial
Tuberosity . . . . . . . .
Patellar Luxation/Subluxation
Ruptured Patellar Tendon

TARSUS ………… .

Radiographic Technique
DiseaseslDisorders ….
Luxation/Subluxation
Calcanean Tendon Injury
Osteochondrosis/Osteochondritis
Dissecans . … . . … . .. .

Skull ………. .

Radiographic Technique
Other Imaging … …. .
Radiographic Anatomy .. .
Radiographic Interpretation

C~LVAULT(CALVAJUUM)

Radiographic Anatomy
Diseases/Disorders
Hydrocephalus
Occipital Dysplasia
Fractures … .. .
Temporomandibular Subluxation
or Luxation
Infection
Craniomandibular Osteopathy ….
Lesions of the External, Middle, and
Inner Ear …………. . .
Neoplasms …………… .

NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASALSINUSES

Radiographic Anatomy
DiseasesIDisorders …
Fractures of the Face and Frontal
Area …. . ……… .
Infections ………… .
Neoplasms Involving the Nasal
Cavity .. … .

TEETH

Radiographic Anatomy
Effect of Age . . . . . . .
Radiographic Examination
DiseasesIDisorders …
Dental Anomalies ..
Dental Calculus
Dental Decay (Caries) 120
Tooth Resorption 120
Periodontal Disease 121
Apical Infection 121
Fractures of Tooth 122
Metabolic Diseases 122
Neoplasms of the Teeth and the
Oral Cavity 123

SALIVARY GLANDS

Radiographic Anatomy
Diseases/Disorders
Sialolithiasis . . . .
Sialocoele …..
Salivary Duct Fistula
Neoplasms
Nasolacrimal Duct
Abnormalities …. .. . . .
Spine
Vertebral Development
Vertebral Anatomy
Radiographic Technique
Other Imaging …
Radiographic Interpretation
Myelography
Interpretation
DiseasesIDisorders
Spinal Bifida
Block Vertebra
Hemivertebra
Transitional Vertebrae
Sacrococcygeal Dysgenesis
Spinal Curvature Deformities
Osteoporosis . . . . . . . . . . .
Hypervitaminosis A in the Cat
Mucopolysaccharidosis
Atlantoaxial Subluxation
Cervical Spondylopathy
Lumbosacral Instability
Osteochondrosis
Calcinosis Circumscripta
Spinal Trauma . .. . . .
Intervertebral Disk Disease
Schmorl’s Nodes ….
Dural Ossification
Spondylosis Deformans
Disseminated Idiopathic Skeletal
Hyperostosis …….. .
Osteoarthritis of the Articular
Facets
Spondylitis …… .
Diskospondylitis
Osteochondromatosis
Neoplasia ……. .

8 . Thorax (Noncardiac)

Radiographic Technique .. . .
Standard Projections .. .
Supplemental Projections
Radiographic Anatomy …..
Radiographic Interpretation: Systematic
Evaluation … .. …….. .

LARYNX AND HYOID BONES

Radiographic Interpretation
Diseases/Disorders …..
Laryngeal Hypoplasia
Laryngeal Paralysis
Laryngeal Neoplasia
The Hyoid Bones

TRACHEA AND MAJOR AIRWAyS . . ….. .

Radiographic Interpretation
DiseasesIDisorders .. …

LUNG

Hypoplastic Trachea
Tracheal Stenosis
Trachea Collapse
Endotracheal Masses
Tracheal Rupture
Tracheal Foreign Body
Tracheitis .. …
Bronchial Collapse
Bronchitis …. .
Bronchiectasis
Bronchial Obstruction
Lower Airway Disease
Radiographic Interpretation
Patterns of Lung Disease
Alveolar Pattern
Interstitial Pattern
Bronchial Pattern
Vascular Pattern .

Diseases/Disorders …
Pulmonary Edema
Pulmonary Hemorrhage .
Pulmonary Hematomas and
Pneumatoceles 162
Pneumonia
Interstitial Pneumonia
Aspiration Pneumonia
Eosinophilic Pneumonia
Pulmonary Abscess
Atelectasis ……….
Emphysema . . . . . . . . .
Pulmonary Cysts, Bullae and Blebs,
and Other Cavitating Lung
Lesions …………..
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease ………..
Lung Torsion . . . . . . . . .
Pulmonary Thrombosis and
Thromboembolism . . .
Adult Respiratory Distress
Syndrome
Parasitic Pneumonia
Toxoplasmosis
Paragonimus
Aeleurostrongylus
Mycotic Pneumonia
Histoplasmosis ..
Blastomycosis . . .
Coccidioidomycosis
Nocardiosis ..
Cryptococcosis .
Pneumocystis ..
Pulmonary Neoplasia
Primary Pulmonary Neoplasia
Metastatic Pulmonary Neoplasia

MEDIASTINUM ……

Radiographic Anatomy
Diseases/Disorders …
Mediastinal Shift .
Pneumomediastinum
Mediastinal Mass
Diffuse Mediastinal Enlargement
Focal Mediastinal Enlargement

PLEURA AND PLEURAL SPACE

Normal Anatomy .. . .
Radiographic Anatomy
Diseases !Disorders . . .
Pleural Effusion
Pleural Thickening
Pleural Neoplasms
Other Pleural Masses
Pneumothorax

THORACIC WALL. . . . . . .

Contents xiii
Diseases/Disorders ……… . . .
Soft Tissue Abnormalities ….
Congenital Anomalies of the Chest
Wall …. …
Pectus Excavatum .
Pectus Carina turn .
Sternal Dysraphism
Fractures of the Sternum and
Ribs … . ……….
Masses of the Thoracic Wall

DIAPHRAGM ………..

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Bilateral Displacement of the
Diaphragm . . . . . . . . . .
Unilateral Displacement of the
Diaphragm . . . . . .
Diseases/Disorders ……
Diaphragmatic Hernia
Diaphragmatic Tumors
Diaphragmatic Abscess

9. Heart

Radiographic Technique . . . . . . . . . .
Exposure Technique and Film Quality
Standard Projections . . .
Supplemental Projections
Contrast Radiography ..
Other Imaging . . . . . . .
Radiographic Anatomy of Normal Canine and
Feline Heart . . . . . . . . .
Lateral Projection . . . .
Dorsoventral Projection
Radiographic Interpretation .
Normal Heart Size and Shape
Normal Variables for Heart Size and
Shape ……………..
Evaluation of Heart Chamber
Enlargement . . . . . . . . .
Right Atrial Enlargement …
Right Ventricular Enlargement
Left Atrial Enlargement ….
Left Ventricular Enlargement
Generalized Heart Enlargement
Evaluation of Major Vessels .. .
Aortic Arch and Aorta . . .
Pulmonary Artery Segment
Enlargement …. .
Caudal Vena Cava .. .
Evaluation of the Pulmonary
Circulation ….. .
Hypovascularity .
Hypervascularity
Diseases!Disorders
Congestive Heart Failure
Microcardia …………….
Congenital Heart Disease …. . .. . …
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (Left to Right
Shunt) ………………
Reverse Patent Ductus Arteriosus (Right
to Left Shunt) .
Pulmonic Stenosis
Aortic Stenosis
Ventricular Septal Defect
Tetralogy of Fallot ….
Atrioventricular Valve Malformation and
Dysplasia ……..
Vascular Ring Anomalies
Situs Inversus …….
Acquired Heart Disease
Chronic Valvular Disease
Mitral Valvular Insufficiency
Tricuspid Valvular Insufficiency
Infectious Endocarditis
Dirofilariasis ………
Canine Heartworm Disease
Feline Heartworm Disease
Cardiomyopathy ……
Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Doberman Pinscher Cardiomyopathy
Boxer Cardiomyopathy ………
English Cocker Spaniel
Cardiomyopathy . . . . . . . . . . ..
Canine Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Feline Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Feline Congestive Cardiomyopathy
Intermediate (Indeterminate)
Cardiomyopathy . . . . . . . . .
Hyperthyroid Myocardial Disease
Systemic Hypertension
Myocardial Neoplasia …
Heart Base Tumors
Aortic Thromboembolism
Pericardial Diseases ……. .
Anatomy and Physiology .
Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic
Hernia ….. .
Pericardial Cysts
Pericardial Effusion
Constrictive Pericarditis
Pericardial Masses

10. Abdomen: Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Cavities

Anatomy ……….. .
Radiographic Interpretation ..
DiseaseslDisorders …… .
Loss of Abdominal Detail
Intraabdominal Gas Accumulation
Intraabdominal Focal Opacities
Abdominal Lymph Nodes
Peritoneal Hernias

11. Gastrointestinal System

Radiographic Anatomy …. .
DiseaseslDisorders …… .
Pharyngeal Inflammation
Pharyngeal and Retropharyngeal
Masses …………. .
Dysphagia and Cricopharyngeal
Achalasia ..,….

ESOPHAGUS

Radiographic Anatomy
Contrast Radiography
Diseases/Disorders …
Esophagitis
Esophagea1 Foreign Bodies
Vascular Ring Anomalies
Esophageal Stricture
Esophageal Neoplasia .
Esophageal Diverticuli
Megaesophagus
Gastroesophageal
Intussusception

LIVER. ………… .

Radiographic Anatomy
Normal Radiographic Appearance
Diseases/Disorders …..
Liver Enlargement . .
Decreased Liver Size

GALL BLADDER ….. .

Anatomy …….. .
Radiographic Anatomy
DiseaseslDisorders
Cholecystitis
Cholelithiasis

Parasitic Disease of the Gall Bladder
and/or Bile Ducts

SPLEEN ……………

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Diseases/Disorders ..
Splenomegaly …
Splenic Torsion
Splenic Neoplasia
Splenic Abscess
Splenic Rupture .

PANCREAS ……… .

Radiographic Anatomy
DiseaseslDisorders .. .
Pancreatitis … .
Pancreatic Masses

STOMACH ……… .

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Diseases/Disorders ….. .
Gastric Enlargement
Gastric Wall Abnormalities
Gastric Emptying
Acute Gastritis .
Chronic Gastritis
Gastric Ulcers
Gastric Neoplasia
Gastric Foreign Bodies
Gastric Dilation and Volvulus
Pyloric Outflow Obstruction

SMALL BOWEL .. . . .. . ..

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Contrast Radiographs
Contrast Media .. . …..
Diseases/Disorders ….. .
Enteritis and Inflammatory Bowel
Disease . …….
Intestinal Obstruction .
Linear Foreign Bodies
Intussusception . . . . .
Small Bowel Neoplasia
Mesenteric Volvulus
Mesenteric Thrombosis
Intestinal Perforation .

LARGE BOWEL . . ….

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Findings
Contrast Radiographs
DiseaseslDisorders .
Acute Colitis
Chronic Colitis
Cecal Inversion
Neoplasia
Perineal Hernia and Perineal
DiverticulilRectal Diverticuli
Imperforate Anus

12. Urinary System and Adrenal
Glands ……………
Radiographic Technique

KIDNEYS AND URETERS ..

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Survey Radiographs ..
Causes of Observed Variations
Contrast Radiographs . … .. .
Intravenous Urography . . .
Indications for Intravenous
Urography …. .. .. .
Interpretation of the Intravenous
Urogram .. .. .. . . … . .
Contents xv
DiseaseslDisorders ……. .
Congenital Renal Disease
Ectopic Ureter .. . .. . .
Nephritis and Pyelonephritis
Renal Cysts … …. . . .
Feline Perirenal Cysts
Renal and Ureteral Calculi
Hydronephrosis … . . . .
Renal Neoplasia …. .. .
Renal and Ureteral Rupture

URINARY BLADDER AND URETHRA

Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Sur:yey Radiographs .
Contrast Radiographs
Diseases/Disorders
Cystitis . . . . . . .
Cystic Calculi . . .
Ruptured Bladder
Emphysematous Cystitis
Neoplasms of the Urinary
Bladder

URETHRA

Anatomy … .
Radiographic Interpretations
Contrast Radiographs
Diseases/Disorders ..
Urethritis
Urethral Calculi
Ruptured Urethra
Urethral Neoplasia
Urethrorectal Fistula
ADRENAL GLANDS
Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Interpretation
Diseases/Disorders ….. .
Adrenal Gland Enlargement
Adrenal Gland Mineralization
Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s
Disease) … .. …. . .. .
Pheochromocytoma .. . …..
Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s
Syndrome) . . . . . . . . . . ..

13. Genital System
Male … . . . .. . . .

PROSTATE GLAND

Anatomy …..
Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Findings
DiseaseslDisorders ….. .
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Prostatitis, Prostatic Abscess
Prostatic CalculilProstatic
Mineralization . .. . … .
Paraprostatic Cyst ..
Prostatic Neoplasia .

TESTICLE

Radiographic Interpretation
DiseaseslDisorders …..
Cryptorchidism . . . . .
OrchitislEpididymitis .
Testicular Torsion …
Testicular Neoplasia
Infections and Tumors of the
Penis …………
Fractures of the Os Penis
Female …………. .
Radiographic Anatomy
Radiographic Findings .
Contrast Radiographs .

OVARIES AND UTERUS

Diseases/Disorders ..
Ovarian Masses
Uterine Masses .
The Gravid Uterus
Dystocia and Fetal Death …
Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia!
Pyometra Complex
Cervical Masses
Diseases of the Vagina
Hermaphroditism
Suggested Readings
Glossary
Index 299

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Respiratory Diseases of the Horse: A Problem-Oriented Approach to Diagnosis and Management

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Respiratory Diseases of the Horse: A Problem-Oriented Approach to Diagnosis and Management

By Laurent Couetil and Jan F Hawkins

Respiratory Diseases of the Horse: A Problem-Oriented Approach to Diagnosis and Management PDF provide a problem-oriented approach to the assessment and management of respiratory illness in horses. The book deals first with the anatomy, function and clinical examination of the respiratory system, followed by discussion of diagnostic tests and procedures.

The clinical section is focused around the cardinal presenting manifestations of equine respiratory disease: coughing, nasal discharge, increased breathing efforts, respiratory noise, plus a chapter on congenital abnormalities. The text is presented systematically covering definition, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, differential diagnoses, diagnosis, management and treatment.

The book is illustrated throughout with excellent quality color photos, diagrams and algorithms. It is of lasting value to equine specialists in practice and in training, and will be a useful reference for non-specialist practitioners.

Table of Contents

Anatomy of the equine respiratory tract
Introduction
Extrathoracic airways
Overview; nares and rostral nasal passages; nasal septum; conchae and paranasal sinuses; guttural pouches; nasopharynx; hard and soft palate; epiglottis; larynx; cervical trachea
Intrathoracic airways and the lungs
Tracheobronchial tree; pulmonary circulation; bronchial circulation

Pulmonary function
Ventilation
Respiratory muscles; lung volumes and ventilation; regional differences in ventilation
Diffusion
Respiratory gases; laws of diffusion; diffusion limitation; transport of gases in blood
Ventilation–perfusion relationship
Mechanics of breathing
Airflow resistance; lung elasticity; pulmonary inertance

Clinical examination
General inspection
Signalment; history; breathing pattern; nasal discharge
Physical examination
Extrathoracic airways: nose to extrathoracic trachea; intrathoracic airways and chest wall: intrathoracic trachea to alveoli

Diagnostic tests and therapeutic procedures
Endoscopy
Dynamic endoscopy
Diagnostic imaging
Radiography; computed tomography; nuclear imaging; ultrasonography
Sampling of respiratory secretions
Tracheal wash; bronchoalveolar lavage; airway brushing
Airway and lung biopsy
Endobronchial biopsy; percutaneous lung biopsy; thoracoscopic lung biopsy
Thoracocentesis
Sinus trephination
Sinoscopy
Thoracoscopy
Lung function tests
Arterial blood gases; lung mechanics
Allergy tests
Aerosol therapy
Principles of aerosol therapy; aerosol delivery devices; aerolization of antimicrobials

The coughing horse
Introduction
Definition; characteristics; pathophysiology
Acute cough
Viral respiratory infections; pneumonia
Chronic cough
Heaves (recurrent airway obstruction); inflammatory airway disease; parasitic pneumonitis

The horse with nasal discharge
Introduction
Seromucoid nasal discharge
Rhinitis; viral infections
Mucopurulent nasal discharge
Sinus diseases; guttural pouch empyema; strangles
Epistaxis
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage; ethmoid hematoma; guttural pouch mycosis; miscellaneous causes of epistaxis
Milk
Cleft palate; dorsal displacement of the soft palate

The horse with increased respiratory effort
Introduction
Pleuropneumonia/pneumonia; heaves (recurrent airway obstruction); interstitial lung diseases; proximal airway obstruction

Abnormal respiratory sounds
Introduction
Stridor
Nasal diseases: atheroma; alar fold obstruction; nasal septum obstruction; nasal polyps. Pharyngeal and laryngeal diseases: dorsal displacement of the soft palate; epiglottic entrapment; epiglottic retroversion; axial deviation of the aryepiglottic folds; epiglottitis; rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch; laryngeal hemiplegia; arytenoid chondritis.
Tracheal diseases: collapsing trachea; tracheal trauma; tracheal neoplasia
Abnormal lung sounds

Congenital abnormalities
Wry nose; choanal atresia; palatoschisis (cleft palate); cysts; branchial arch defects; guttural pouch tympany
Further reading
Index

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Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis

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Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis

By J. Jill Heatley and Karen E. Russell

Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis PDF is a practical, user-friendly guide to diagnostic testing in a wide range of exotic species.

Offers complete information on obtaining samples, performing tests, and interpreting laboratory results in exotic animals
Presents information on each species using a similar format for easy access
Emphasizes details on clinical biochemistries, urinalysis, and common laboratory diagnostic tests not found in other resources
Draws together information on selecting, performing, and using diagnostic tests into a single easy-to-use resource
Covers a wide range of species, including small mammals, primates, reptiles, aquatic animals, and wild, laboratory, and pet birds

Table of Contents

Contributors vii

Preface xi

Acknowledgment xiii

1 Introduction 1
Karen E. Russell and J. Jill Heatley

2 Ferrets 17
Cheryl B. Greenacre

3 Procyonids 45
Cameron Ratliff and J. Jill Heatley

4 Skunks 53
Dennilyn Parker, Frank J. Krupka and J. Jill Heatley

5 Rabbits 63
Barbara L. Oglesbee

6 Rats and Mice 81
James Kusmeirczyk, Melissa Kling, Ann B. Kier, Sherrelle M. Milligan and J. Jill Heatley

7 Hamsters and Gerbils 113
Gabriel P. McKeon, Claude M. Nagamine and Stephen A. Felt

8 Hystricomorph Rodents: Guinea Pigs, Chinchillas, Degus, and Viscachas 129
Christy L. Rettenmund and J. Jill Heatley

9 Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) 145
Jessica Hokamp, Rosely Gioia‐Di Chiacchio and Eliana Reiko Matushima

10 Squirrels 155
J. Jill Heatley

11 Marsupials 175
Rosemary J. Booth

12 Hedgehogs 199
Jordan Gentry, R. Scott Larsen and J. Jill Heatley

13 Callitrichids 211
Melissa Smith and J. Jill Heatley

14 Lemurs 229
Sabrina D. Clark

15 Other Small New World Monkeys 241
Megan A. Albertelli

16 Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles 255
Charles Innis and Zdenek Knotek

17 Snakes 291
Jen Brown, Tim Tristan and J. Jill Heatley

18 Lizards 319
Stephen J. Divers and Melinda S. Camus

19 Amphibians 347
María J. Forzán and Barbara S. Horney

20 Fish 369
Stephen A. Smith

21 Aquatic Invertebrates 383
Nadia Stegeman, Matthew Allender, Jill Arnold and Christopher J. Bonar

22 Terrestrial Invertebrates 409
Trevor T. Zachariah

23 Laboratory Diagnostics for Birds 429
Shane Raidal

24 Raptors 437
Michael P. Jones and John Chitty

25 Psittaciformes 483
Thomas N. Tully, Jr.

26 Galliformes 503
Jennifer R. Cook and J. Jill Heatley

27 Pigeons and Doves 543
Lauren Virginia Powers and Devorah Marks Stowe

28 Passerine Birds 565
Kemba Marshall and J. Jill Heatley

29 Seabirds and Waterfowl 585
Christine Fiorello

Index 609

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Turkey Diseases and Disorders Volume 2 Infectious and Nutritional Diseases, Diagnostics and Control Strategies

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By Hafez M. Hafez and Awad A. Shehata

Turkey Diseases and Disorders Volume 2 Infectious and Nutritional Diseases, Diagnostics and Control Strategies PDF provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the most common viral and parasitic diseases in turkeys. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific infectious disease and provides information on pathogenesis, symptoms and therapeutic strategies. The book also addresses nutritional diseases in fattening turkeys, and introduces diagnostic techniques as well as disease prevention and control strategies. The clear and structured layout allows the reader to refer to it quickly.

This book is an indispensable guide for veterinarians, researchers and professionals working in turkey production and health.

Table of Contents

Part I: Viral Diseases

Avian Influenza
Avian Paramyxoviruses
Newcastle Disease in Turkeys
Avian Metapneumovirus
Poxvirus Infection
Haemorrhagic Enteritis (Siadenovirus)
Turkey Arthritis Reovirus
Avian Encephalomyelitis
Rotaviruses
Turkey Coronavirus
Turkey Viral Hepatitis
Marek’s Disease
Reticuloendotheliosis and Lymphoproliferative Disease
Arbovirus Infection

Part II: Parasitic Diseases

Parasitic Infections in Turkeys
Ectoparasites Affecting Turkeys

Part III: Nutritional Disorders

Nutritional Disorders in Fattening Turkeys

Part IV: Overview on Diagnosis, Prevention, and Control of Turkey Diseases

Diagnosis of Turkey Diseases
Vaccination and Treatment of Turkeys’ Diseases
Key Factors for Successful Organic Turkey Production

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