Marine Bivalve Molluscs 2nd Edition

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Marine Bivalve Molluscs 2nd Edition

By Elizabeth Gosling

Marine Bivalve Molluscs 2nd Edition PDF is a comprehensive and thoroughly updated second edition of Bivalve Molluscs, covering all major aspects of this important class of invertebrates. As well as being an important class biologically and ecologically, many of the bivalves are fished and cultured commercially (e.g. mussels, oysters, scallops and clams) in a multi-billion dollar worldwide industry.

Elizabeth Gosling has written a landmark book that will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Chapters in Marine Bivalve Molluscs cover morphology, ecology, feeding, reproduction, settlement and recruitment, growth, physiology, fisheries, aquaculture, genetics, diseases and parasites, and public health issues. A full understanding of many of these aspects is vital for all those working in bivalve fisheries and culture.

An essential purchase for anyone concerned with this important class of animals, copies of Marine Bivalve Molluscs should be on the shelves of biologists, ecologists, environmental scientists, fisheries scientists and personnel within the aquaculture industry. Copies of the book should be available in all libraries and research establishments where these subjects are studied or taught.

Reviews of the First Edition
• An admirable achievement… a valuable addition to marine sciences libraries everywhere. The back cover of this book says that it is a landmark text that will stand for many years as the standard work on this subject. I can only agree with this sentiment. Aquaculture
• A welcome addition to the literature and provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of biological and environmental factors that affect and control both natural populations of marine bivalves and culture operations. Aquaculture International
• The author has done an admirable job in compiling a wealth of information into a readable text. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
• Will serve well as a description of much of both the experimental biology and the aquaculture of bivalves. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
• Provides excellent reviews of all major aspects…an extremely important reference for anyone engaged in bivalve research, fisheries management, and aquaculture. Quarterly Review of Biology
• The book is very readable, in an easy style. It is well illustrated and there is a wealth of data and statistics presented. Bulletin of The Malacological Society of London

Table of Contents

Preface viii

Acknowledgements x

1 Phylogeny and evolution of bivalve molluscs 1

Phylogeny of the Mollusca 1

Phylogeny and evolution of Bivalvia 3

Evolution and adaptive radiation in Bivalvia 7

Notes 10

References 10

2 Morphology of bivalves 12

Introduction 12

Shell 12

Mantle 21

Gills 24

The foot 27

Labial palps and alimentary canal 31

Gonads 34

Heart and haemolymph vessels 34

Excretory organs 35

Nerves and sensory receptors 36

References 38

3 Ecology of bivalves 44

Introduction 44

Global and local distribution patterns 44

Factors affecting geographic distribution 52

Factors affecting local distribution 55

Climate change 78

Note 84

References 84

4 How bivalves feed 99

Introduction 99

Filtration rate 100

Particle processing on the gills, labial palps and in the stomach 110

The alimentary canal and digestive process 128

Absorption efficiency 139

Effects of bivalve suspension]feeders on the ecosystem 141

Notes 144

References 144

5 Reproduction, settlement and recruitment 157

Introduction 157

Sexuality 157

Gametogenesis 159

Reproductive cycles 159

Factors controlling reproduction 165

Annual storage cycle 170

Reproductive effort and fecundity 171

Deleterious effects on the reproductive cycle 175

Fertilization 175

Larval development 177

Factors affecting larval growth 178

Larval dispersal and population connectivity 181

Larval identification and abundance estimation 184

Settlement, metamorphosis and post]larval dispersal 185

References 189

6 Growth 203

Introduction 203

Methods of measuring absolute growth 203

Allometric growth 213

Scope for growth and dynamic energy budget models 216

Factors affecting growth 219

Note 232

References 232

7 Circulation, respiration, excretion and osmoregulation 243

Circulation 243

Respiration 246

Excretion and osmoregulation 260

Note 264

References 264

8 Fisheries and management of natural populations 270

Introduction 270

Population dynamics 271

Total mortality (Z) 279

Natural mortality (M) 280

Fishing mortality (F) 281

Fisheries assessment and management 282

Scallop fisheries 287

Oyster fisheries 301

Mussel fisheries 309

Clam fisheries 314

References 319

9 Bivalve culture 325

Introduction 325

Fundamentals of bivalve culture 326

Mussel culture 340

Oyster culture 348

Scallop culture 355

Clam culture 362

Bivalve culture and the environment 369

Ecosystem approach to bivalve culture 371

Note 374

References 375

10 Genetics in aquaculture 383

Introduction 383

Quantitative genetics and selective breeding 384

Selective breeding 386

Protein and DNA markers 394

Bivalve genomics 403

Chromosomal genetics and ploidy manipulation 408

Transgenics 417

Notes 419

References 419

11 Diseases and parasites 429

Introduction 429

Viruses 429

Bacteria 431

Fungi 434

Protistans 434

Porifera 447

Helminths 448

Annelids 451

Crustaceans 452

Neoplasia 454

Defence mechanisms 455

Perspectives 463

References 464

12 Public health 478

Introduction 478

Bacterial infections 478

Viral infections 480

Biotoxins 481

Industrial pollutants 488

Controls on the production and processing of bivalves 490

Elimination of pathogens and other hazards 495

Monitoring and quality control 499

HAACP system 502

Notes 508

References 508

Subject index 000

Species index 000

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Animal Suffering: The Ethics and Politics of Animal Lives

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By Florence Burgat and Emilie Dardenne

Animal Suffering: The Ethics and Politics of Animal Lives PDF deals with the most painful situations encountered by animals in the wild or under human guardianship. It seeks to illustrate some remarkable cases and present a general picture of the commodification of animals.

This volume starts with an exploration of the capture of animals intended for European zoological parks, the treatment of animals in South Korea, pig farming in China and animal testing in Europe. It goes on to explore animal politics, with a focus on Europe. The moral problems posed by the different types of harm caused to animals are then approached from the vantage point of moral philosophy.

Finally, the points of view of veterinary sciences and applied ethics related to animal emotions, suffering and death complete the picture.

Animal Abuse And Interpersonal Violence: A Psycho-Criminological Understanding

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Animal Abuse and Interpersonal Violence: A Psycho-Criminological Understanding

Table of Contents

Extraction and captive management of wild animals, 18th century to present day
Pig welfare in China
Dogs “outside the law”: an ethnographic look at animal lives in South Korea
The legal status of animals in European law
How do the regulations and the various stakeholders take the pain of animals subjected to experimental procedures into account?
Altruism towards animals and the economy
Causing pain versus killing
Wild animal suffering
Reflections on the ethics of veterinary medicine
Pain and fear in fishes: implications for the humane use of fishes
Welfare, sentience and pain: concepts, ethics and attitudes

Conclusion

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Manual of Equine Field Surgery

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Manual of Equine Field Surgery

By Gheorghe M. Constantinescu and Joanne Kramer

Manual of Equine Field Surgery PDF provides thorough explanations and step-by-step guidance for 34 procedures that can be performed in less than an hour in a standing sedated patient without the use of special equipment. Three-dimensional, anatomical line drawings, high-quality photographs, and a companion DVD visually demonstrate key concepts and techniques.

This well-illustrated resource features more than 65 3-D anatomical line drawings and over 100 high quality photographs that visually clarify important concepts and procedures.
Includes thorough explanations and step-by-step guidance for 34 procedures with information on surgical indications, equipment needs, relevant anatomy, step-by-step outline of the procedure, drugs used and the proper dosage, and possible complications.
A companion DVD features more than 30 video clips that demonstrate key procedures.
The DVD also includes customizable client aftercare instruction sheets.

Table of Contents

Copyright

Contributors

Preface

Section I: Presurgical Preparation and Assessment

Chapter 1 – Introduction

Chapter 2 – Surgical Instruments

Chapter 3 – Wound Closure

Chapter 4 – Emergency Management of the Fracture Patient

Chapter 5 – Field Anesthesia

Section II: Limb Surgeries

Chapter 6 – Periosteal Transection and Elevation

Chapter 7 – Transphyseal Bridging

Chapter 8 – Distal Limb Perfusion

Chapter 9 – Mid Metacarpal-Metatarsal Tendon Laceration Repair

Chapter 10 – Annular Ligament Desmotomy

Chapter 11 – Lateral Digital Extensor Tenectomy

Chapter 12 – Medial Patellar Desmotomy

Chapter 13 – Distal Check Ligament Desmotomy

Chapter 14 – Proximal Check Ligament Desmotomy

Chapter 15 – Distal Splint Bone Resection

Chapter 16 – Deep Digital Flexor Tenotomy

Chapter 17 – Semitendinosus Tenotomy and Myotomy

Chapter 18 – Palmar-Plantar Digital Neurectomy

Chapter 19 – Cast Application

Section III: Head and Neck Surgeries

Chapter 20 – Intraoral Wire Fixation of Rostral Mandibular and Maxillary Fractures

Chapter 21 – Sinus Trephination

Chapter 22 – Tooth Repulsion

Chapter 23 – Tracheotomy

Chapter 24 – Tracheostomy

Chapter 25 – Surgical Treatment Options for Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate

Chapter 26 – Modified Forssell’s Operation for Cribbing

Section IV: Ophthalmic Surgeries

Chapter 27 – Nasolacrimal Flush

Chapter 28 – Inferomedial Subpalpebral Lavage Tube Placement

Chapter 29 – Eyelid Laceration Repair

Chapter 30 – Enucleation-Transconjunctival and Transpalpebral

Chapter 31 – Entropion

Chapter 32 – Nerve Blocks for Ophthalmic Procedures: Lacrimal, Zygomatic, Infratrochlear,

Chapter 33 – Temporary Tarsorrhaphy

Section V: Male Urogenital Surgeries

Chapter 34 – Castration

Chapter 35 – Cryptorchid Castration

Chapter 36 – Circumcision

Chapter 37 – Penile Amputation

Chapter 38 – Perineal Urethrotomy in Males

Chapter 39 – Caslick’s Procedure (Vulvoplasty)

Chapter 40 – Perineal Body Reconstruction (Episioplasty)

Chapter 41 – Urethral Extension (Urethroplasty)

Chapter 42 – Third-Degree Perineal Laceration Repair

Chapter 43 – Rectovaginal Fistula Repair

Chapter 44 – Inguinal Herniorrhaphy

Chapter 45 – Umbilical Herniorrhaphy

Index

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Cardiorespiratory Diseases of the Dog and Cat

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Cardiorespiratory Diseases of the Dog and Cat

By M. W. S. Martin and Brendan Corcoran

Cardiorespiratory Diseases of the Dog and Cat PDF. Cardiac cases represent a large proportion of the small animal patients in most practices. However patients often initially merely show symptoms of a “chest complaint”, which could represent either a cardiac or pulmonary problem. This book provides a practical guide for practitioners faced with such cases. Written in an easily accessible note form the book uses a practical approach considering the symptoms first and then the possible causes.

Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
List of Abbreviations
Section 1 INVESTIGATION OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY CASE
1 History and physical examination

2 Thoracic radiography

3 Electrocardiography

4 Echocardiography

5 Further investigative techniques (bronchoscopy, clinical pathology and lung biopsy)

Section 2 CARDIORESPIRATORY SYNDROMES
6 Heart failure

7 Dysrhythmias

8 Coughing

9 Dyspnoea and tachypnoea

10 Episodic weakness and collapse

Section 3 DISEASES OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
11 Diseases of the endocardium and valves

12 Diseases of the myocardium (cardiomyopathy and myocarditis)

13 Diseases of the pericardium and cardiac neoplasia

14 Congenital heart disease

15 Heartworm disease

16 Systemic hypertension

17 Diseases of the upper respiratory tract

18 Diseases of the lower airways

19 Diseases of the lung parenchyma

20 Diseases of the pleura and mediastinum

Section 4 CARDIORESPIRATORY THERAPEUTICS
21 Drugs used in cardiac disease

22 Drugs used in respiratory disease

23 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Appendix A Breed-related cardiorespiratory diseases in dogs
Appendix B Formula for calculation of constant rate infusions

References and further reading

Index

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Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 10th Edition

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Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 10th Edition

By Vinay Kumar, Abul Abbas and Jon Aster

Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 10th Edition PDF presents an in-depth, state-of-the-art overview of human diseases and their cellular and molecular basis. This best-selling text delivers the latest, most essential pathology knowledge in a readable, interesting manner, ensuring optimal understanding of the latest basic science and clinical content. More than 1,000 high-quality photographs and full-color illustrations highlight new information in molecular biology, disease classifications, new drugs and drug therapies, and much more. This superb learning package also includes an enhanced eBook with a full complement of ancillary content on Student Consult.

Provides uniquely authoritative and readable coverage, ideal for USMLE or specialty board preparation, as well as for coursework.
Covers the hot topics you need to know about, including novel therapies for hepatitis C, classification of lymphomas, unfolded protein response, non-apoptotic pathways of cell death, coronavirus infections, liquid biopsy for cancer detection, regulation of iron absorption, clonal hematopoiesis and atherosclerosis, thrombotic microangiopathies, heparin-induced thrombocytopenias, inflammatory myopathies, genetic tools for treatment of cystic fibrosis, and many more.
Uses an outstanding full-color, user-friendly design to simplify your study and quickly direct you to the information you need to know, with learning features such as boldface overviews at the beginning of each section, key concepts boxes, suggested readings, schematic diagrams that illustrate complex concepts, and new gross and microscopic figures for clarity of morphology.
Brings you up to date with the latest information in molecular and genetic testing, mechanisms of disease, personalized medicine and its impact on treatment of human diseases, the role of microbiome and metabolome in non-communicable diseases, and much more.
Provides access to a wealth of interactive ancillaries online: pathology case studies, videos, self-assessment questions, Targeted Therapy boxes that discuss drug therapy for specific diseases, interactive cases, and more.
Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices

Table of Contents

The Female Genital Tract

The Breast

The Endocrine System

The Skin

Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors

Peripheral Nerve and Skeletal Muscles

The Central Nervous System

The Eye

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Animal Welfare in a Changing World

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Animal Welfare in a Changing World

By Andrew Butterworth

Animal Welfare in a Changing World PDF. Contemporary and challenging, this thought-provoking book outlines a number of the key dilemmas in animal welfare for today’s, and tomorrow’s, world. The issues discussed range from the welfare of hunted animals, to debates around intensive farming versus sustainability, and the effects of climate and environmental change. The book explores the effects of fences on wild animals and human impacts on carrion animals; the impacts of tourism on animal welfare; philosophical questions about speciesism; and the quality and quantity of animal lives. The welfare impacts of human-animal interactions are explored, including human impacts on marine mammals, fish, wildlife, and companion and farm animals.

Animal Welfare in a Changing World provides:

Concise, opinion-based views on important issues in animal welfare by world experts and key opinion leaders.
Pieces based on experience, which balance evidence-based approaches and the welfare impacts of direct engagement through training, campaigning and education.
A wide-ranging collection of examples and descriptions of animal welfare topics which outline dilemmas in the real world, that are sometimes challenging, and not always comfortable reading.

This is a ‘must-read’ book for animal and veterinary scientists, ethologists, policy and opinion leaders, NGOs, conservation biologists and anyone who feels passionately about the welfare of animals

Table of Contents

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Camel Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology

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Camel Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology

By Bernard Faye and Mohammed Bengoumi

Camel Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology PDF brings together a wealth of data regarding the reference values and factors of variation in biochemical parameters used by camel veterinarians and scientists to determine these animals’ nutritional and clinical status. It also explores several technical aspects involved in determining these parameters, sampling procedures, and essential elements in the interpretation of the results. Though many texts are available on small and large ruminants, much less is known about species confined to the marginal zones of tropical and Mediterranean countries, such as camels. Camel Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology PDF addresses precisely this research gap, on the one hand by presenting an extensive review of the literature, and on the other by synthesizing the outcomes of the authors’ numerous previous works.

In veterinary medicine, blood tests to help diagnose diseases in cattle were first proposed nearly a century ago, but were mainly developed in the 1960s, initially at specialized research or veterinary services laboratories, and eventually, with the advent of new equipment and the miniaturization of the analyzers, finding their way into veterinarians’ cabinets. Beyond their diagnostic value, veterinary surgeons and zootechnicians also speculated on the potential use of blood tests to evaluate animals’ nutritional status. Thus, a whole range of analyses are now proposed to the stakeholders responsible for animal health. Such analyses could help to define a metabolic profile, which would offer a valuable decision-making tool for experts and researchers alike.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Hematology

Energetic Parameters

Nitrogen and Protein Parameters

Clinical Enzymology

Macro-minerals and Electrolytes

Trace Elements

Vitamins

Hormones

General Conclusion

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Handbook of General Animal Nutrition

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Handbook of General Animal Nutrition

By Niranjan P.S., Sanjay Kumar, and Udeybir Singh Chahal

Handbook of General Animal Nutrition PDF is prepared to cater the basic need of animal nutrition as a subject of B.V.Sc. & A.H. IInd year students and those who are preparing for JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) in animal sciences stream and also for CMI services examination of different states. The animal nutrition Paper-I as per Veterinary Council of India (Minimum standards of Veterinary Education Degree) Regulation, 1993 includes two courses i.e. ANN-211 (Principles of Animal Nutrition including avian, credit hr. 2 + 1) and ANN-212 (Evaluation of feed stuffs and feed technology, credit hr. 1 + 1) with equal weightage in internal assessment as well as external assessment of 50 percent each. The theory and practical portion has also equal weightage in internal and external examination with little variation at Institutional level. This book is designed to cover all the material in a concise and course wise format. The objective and subjective questions at the end of each chapter and model test papers at the end of book will help the students for examination point of view. List of various books of Indian and Foreign authors which are thoroughly consulted to prepare this manuscript are also given at the end of this book. These suggested reference books are helpful for detailed study of each and every topic related to the field of animal nutrition.

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The Central Nervous System, Structure and Function, 4th Edition

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The Central Nervous System 4th Edition PDF

The Central Nervous System, Structure and Function, 4th Edition

By Per Brodal

The Central Nervous System 4th Edition PDF continues the tradition of one of the most respected textbooks in clinical neuroscience by providing medical students the knowledge and understanding of neuroscience as a basis for clinical thinking. While remaining concise and easy to read, the text encourages reflection and critical thinking of established facts and scientific conjecture and will be of interest to medical, graduate, and undergraduate students alike.

Prof Per Brodal provides clear descriptions of brain structures and relates them to their functional properties by incorporating data from molecular biology to clinical neurology. The numerous full color line drawings – based on the author’s long experience of teaching undergraduate students and new to this edition – make it easier to understand complex structural and functional relationships.

Thoroughly revised, this fourth edition goes further in integrating material from all fields of the neurosciences. Now divided into 8 Sections with a total of 34 Chapters, each chapter is introduced by a brief overview of what the student can expect to learn. New material has been incorporated in all chapters while maintaining the scope and coverage that has established The Central Nervous System: Structure and Function as the preeminent neuroscience textbook.

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Improving the Safety of Fresh Meat

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Improving the Safety of Fresh Meat

By John N. Sofos

The safety of fresh meat PDF continues to be a major concern for consumers. As a result, there has been a wealth of research on identifying and controlling hazards at all stages in the supply chain. Improving the safety of fresh meat reviews this research and its implications for the meat industry.

Part one discusses identifying and managing hazards on the farm. There are chapters on the prevalence and detection of pathogens, chemical and other contaminants. A number of chapters discuss ways of controlling such hazards in the farm environment. The second part of the book reviews the identification and control of hazards during and after slaughter. There are chapters both on contamination risks and how they can best be managed. The range of decontamination techniques available to meat processors as well as such areas as packaging and storage are examined.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Improving the safety of fresh meat is a standard reference for the meat industry.

Learn how to identify and control hazards at all stages in the supply chain
An authoritative reference on reducing microbial and other hazards in raw and fresh red meat
Understand the necessity for effective intervention at each production process

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