Practical Clinical Epidemiology for the Veterinarian

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Practical Clinical Epidemiology for the Veterinarian

By Aurora Villarroel

Practical Clinical Epidemiology for the Veterinarian PDF provides thorough coverage of the fundamentals of epidemiological concepts, situated within the context of daily clinical practice.

Examines epidemiology from the lens of daily clinical practice to offer a truly practical approach
Demonstrates the relevance of epidemiology to clinical problems faced in the field using practical examples to clarify the concepts
Includes clinical cases from all species, with an emphasis on small animal and equine medicine, to demonstrate the concepts
Uses an easy-to-read approach, with graphs, flowcharts, and tables to promote understanding
Includes access to a companion website with exercises for study and review

Table of Contents

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

About the companion website xiv

1 Describing health and disease 1

Case definition 1

What is the problem? 2

Who is affected? 4

Where is the disease concentrated? 5

When does disease occur? 5

Types of measurements 5

Counts 5

Proportions 7

Ratios 8

Rates 9

Specific measurements of disease 10

Prevalence 10

Incidence 13

Morbidity 16

Mortality 16

Disease]specific mortality 16

Case]fatality 17

2 Basic epidemiology concepts 19

Outcome 19

Risk factor 21

Unit of analysis 22

Types of variables 26

Appropriate statistical analyses for continuous/parametric variables 27

Appropriate statistical analyses for categorical/nonparametric variables 29

Appropriate statistical analyses for multiple samples taken from the same animal 30

Control groups 33

Sample size and P]value 34

Error and bias 35

Confounding 41

Interaction 42

3 Evidence]based medicine for the veterinarian 44

Evaluation of a research paper 49

Data presentation in the results 53

Interpretation of results 57

Statistical significance 58

Biological significance 60

4 Study designs 62

Retrospective studies 63

Case–control studies 64

Surveys 65

Cross]sectional studies 68

Prospective studies 70

Cohort studies 70

Clinical trials 72

Sampling strategies 73

5 Causation versus association 77

Hill’s criteria to determine causation 78

Temporal association 78

Consistency of association 79

Specificity of association 79

Dose–response (biological gradient) 80

Biologic plausibility 81

Analogy 81

Measures of association 82

Odds ratio 84

Relative risk 89

Attributable risk 92

6 Diagnostic tests 94

Test quality 95

Accuracy 95

Precision 95

Discrimination ability 98

Test performance 99

Sensitivity 100

Specificity 102

Positive predictive value 104

Negative predictive value 105

Screening 107

Parallel testing 107

Serial testing 107

Gold standard 108

7 Outbreak investigations 109

Definitions 109

Steps in an outbreak investigation 110

Case definition/diagnosis verification 110

Determine the magnitude of the problem 111

Describe the spatial and temporal patterns of disease 112

Analyze potential risk factors 116

Follow]up 119

Glossary 120

Formulas 125

Final word 128

References 129

Index 134

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Basics of Wildlife Health Care and Management

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Basics of Wildlife Health Care and Management

By Rajesh Jani

Basics of Wildlife Health Care and Management PDF provides basic understanding of the various topics of wildlife which will be useful for biologist, zoologist, veterinarians working in forest ,zoos or at field level where they use to get wild animals for post mortem or for treatment. It also provides helpful information to the forest officers, zoo managers and protected area managers for critical care management and for doing needful things before approaching a veterinarian to save the life of animal or to collect biological material useful for diagnosis.

Table of Contents

1. Indian Wildlife

2. Taxonomical Classification of Wildlife

3. Biological Features of Wildlife

4. Population and Habitat Management

5. Ethology-Animal Behaviour

6. Health Monitoring and Evaluation in Free Living Wild Animals

7. Physical and Chemical Restrains

8. Transportation

9. Health Examination and Recording of Vital Signs

10. Wildlife Diseases: An Over View

11. Major Infectious Diseases of Wild Animals

12. Major Non Infectious Diseases of Wild Animals

13. Rescue and Critical Care Management

14. Post Mortem Examination

15. Forensic and Veterolegal Aspects of Crime Investigation

16. Zoonotic Diseases

17. Disease Control Techniques in Free Living Wild Animals

18. Field Approach for Disease Diagnosis from Dead Animals

19. Ex-Situ Captive Management in Zoos

20. Housing of Captive Animals

21. Hygiene and Sanitation

22. Collection, Preservation and Dispatch of Biomaterials

23. Nutrition of Zoo Animals

24. Orphan Management

25. Disaster Management

26. Surgical Problems and Intervention

27. Medical Management of Reptiles

28. Exotic Bird Health Care and Management

29 Wildlife Disease Surveillance

30 Advance Surveillance Technologies

31. Wildlife Protection Act

32. Scheduled Wildlife of India Appendices

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BSAVA VPIS Guide to Common Canine and Feline Poisons

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BSAVA VPIS Guide to Common Canine and Feline Poisons

By BSAVA / VPIS

BSAVA VPIS Guide to Common Canine and Feline Poisons PDF presents thumbnail sketches of pertinent information relating to poisoning of small animal pets by commonly encountered substances, plants and other items. For each agent, information is given on toxicology, clinical effects, appropriate first aid and subsequent management and prognosis. This is to enable veterinary surgeons and their staff to give appropriate guidance over the telephone or in person, to clients that suspect their animals may have been poisoned. A ‘traffic light’ system indicates the level of concern and urgency.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Introduction

How to use this guide

Poisons monographs (listed A to Z)
Common canine poisons
Common feline poisons

Appendices
Case history checklist
Decontamination
Case submission form

Index

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Atlas visual de patologías dentales y orales en pequeños animales

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Atlas visual de patologías dentales y orales en pequeños animales

Table of Contents

1. Patologías dentales y de la cavidad oral en el perro
Cavidad oral fisiológica y radiología dental en el perro
Oclusión y maloclusión
Patologías sistémicas y su repercusión en la cavidad oral
Patologías propias de la cavidad oral
Patologías dentales

2. Patologías dentales y de la cavidad oral en el gato
Cavidad oral fisiológica y radiología dental en el gato
Oclusión y maloclusión
Patologías sistémicas y su repercusión en la cavidad oral
Patologías propias de la cavidad oral
Patologías dentales

3. Patologías dentales y de la cavidad oral en animales exóticos
Patologías dentales y de la cavidad oral en pequeños mamíferos
Lagomorfos
Roedores
Mustélidos
Patologías dentales y de la cavidad oral en otros animales exóticos
Aves
Reptiles
Otros mamíferos

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Mammals of South America, Volume 2 Rodents

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Mammals of South America, Volume 2 Rodents

By James L. Patton, Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas and Guillermo D’Elía

The second installment in a planned three-volume series, this book provides the first substantive review of South American rodents published in over fifty years. Increases in the reach of field research and the variety of field survey methods, the introduction of bioinformatics, and the explosion of molecular-based genetic methodologies have all contributed to the revision of many phylogenetic relationships and to a doubling of the recognized diversity of South American rodents. The largest and most diverse mammalian order on Earth—and an increasingly threatened one—Rodentia is also of great ecological importance, and Rodents is both a timely and exhaustive reference on these ubiquitous creatures.

From spiny mice and guinea pigs to the oversized capybara, this book covers all native rodents of South America, the continental islands of Trinidad and Tobago, and the Caribbean Netherlands off the Venezuelan coast. It includes identification keys and descriptions of all genera and species; comments on distribution; maps of localities; discussions of subspecies; and summaries of natural, taxonomic, and nomenclatural history. Rodents also contains a detailed list of cited literature and a separate gazetteer based on confirmed identifications from museum vouchers and the published literature.

Table of Contents

Sections and Authors

Introduction

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acknowledgments

Taxonomic Accounts

Literature Cited

Gazetteer

List of Taxa

Contributors

Index of Scientific Names

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Medicine of Australian Mammals

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Medicine of Australian Mammals

By Larry Vogelnest and Rupert Woods

Medicine of Australian Mammals PDF is the first comprehensive text on the medicine of Australian mammals. It presents the most up-to-date information available on the medical management of all taxa of Australian native mammals and is the single most important and useful standalone text on this subject.

The book is divided into two parts. The first includes chapters on general topics relevant to the medical management of captive and free-ranging Australian native mammals such as: veterinary considerations for the rescue, treatment and rehabilitation and release of wildlife; veterinary aspects of hand-rearing orphaned marsupials; marine mammal strandings and the role of the veterinarian; and wildlife health investigation and a guide to postmortem examination of Australian mammals.

The second part deals with the medicine of specific taxa of Australian native mammals. Detailed information on taxonomy, distribution, biology, anatomy, physiology, reproduction, husbandry, nutrition, physical and chemical restraint, clinical pathology, hand-rearing, diseases, zoonoses, therapeutics, reproductive management (control and assisted reproduction) and surgery is included. Appendices include a checklist of the mammals of Australia and its territories and a guide to the identification of common parasites of Australian mammals.

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Contributors

1 Veterinary considerations for the rescue, treatment, rehabilitation and release of wildlife

2 Veterinary aspects of hand-rearingorphanedmarsupials

3 Marine mammal strandings and the role of the veterinarian

4 Wildlife health investigation and a guide to necropsy

5 Echidnas

6 Platypuses

7 Macropods

8 Koalas

9 Wombats

10 Dasyurids

11 Numbats

12 Gliders and possums

13 Bandicoots and bilbies

14 Bats

15 Rodents

16 Dingoes

17 Pinnipeds

18 Cetaceans

19 Dugongs

Appendix 1 Checklist of the mammals of Australia and its territories

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Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, 7th Edition

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Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, 7th Edition

By Margi Sirois

Ensure you’re at your clinical best! Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, 7th Edition covers the broad spectrum of laboratory procedures that veterinary technicians need to perform effectively in the practice setting. Comprehensive content presents the fundamentals of microbiology, hematology, urinalysis, immunology, and cytology, along with the laboratory procedures used to perform the most widely used tests such as complete blood count, urinalysis, and immunologic assays. This thoroughly updated edition includes an expanded Quality Control and Record Keeping chapter along with the latest advances in veterinary clinical procedures to prepare you for real-life laboratory work.

Comprehensive coverage gives you a solid foundation in the fundamentals of microbiology, hematology, urinalysis, immunology, and cytology, along with the laboratory procedures used to perform related tests.
Provides the latest information needed to successfully perform a broad spectrum of laboratory tests, including complete blood count, urinalysis, and immunologic assays.
Step-by-step procedure boxes offer quick access to the skills you must perform during your educational program, as well as procedures that are commonly performed by vet techs in private practice.
A comprehensive glossary of terms at the end of the text offers accurate, concise definitions.
Vet Tech Threads provide you with introductions, suggested readings, boxed technician notes, learning objectives, chapter outlines, key terms, and a glossary for easy navigation through chapters and more focused learning.

Table of Contents

UNIT 1: THE VETERINARY PRACTICE LABORATORY
1. Safety and OSHA Standards
2. General Laboratory Equipment
3. The Microscope
4. The Metric System and Lab Calculations
5. Quality Control and Record Keeping (UPDATED!)

UNIT 2: HEMATOLOGY
6. Hematopoeisis
7. Sample Collection and Handling
8. Automated Analyzers
9. Hemoglobin, PCV, and Erythrocyte Indices
10. Evaluating the Blood Film
11. Morphologic Abnormalities of Blood Cells
12. Additional Hematologic Tests
13. Hematopoeitic Disorders and Classification of Anemia

UNIT 3: HEMOSTASIS
14. Principles of Blood Coagulation
15. Sample Collection and Handling
16. Platelet Evaluation
17. Coagulation Testing
18. Disorders of Hemostasis

UNIT 4: IMMUNOLOGY (ENTIRE UNIT UPDATED!)
19. Basic Principles of Immunology
20. Common Tests Performed in the In-House Testing
21. Blood Groups and Immunity
22. Intradermal Testing
23. Reference Laboratory Tests
24. Disorders of the Immune System

UNIT 5: URINALYSIS
25. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System
26. Sample Collection and Handling
27. Physical Examination of Urine
28. Chemical Evaluation
29. Urine Sediment Analysis

UNIT 6: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
30. Sample Collection and Handling
31. Automated Analyzers
32. Protein Assays and Hepatobiliary Function Tests
33. Kidney Function Tests
34. Pancreatic Function Tests
35. Electrolyte and Acid-Base Status
36. Miscellaneous Tests

UNIT 7: MICROBIOLOGY
37. Introduction to Microbiology
38. Equipment and Supplies
39. Sample Collection and Handling
40. Staining Specimens
41. Culture Techniques
42. Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing
43. Additional Testing
44. Mycology

UNIT 8: PARASITOLOGY
45. Nematodes
46. Cestodes, Trematodes, and Acantocephelans
47. Protozoa and Rickettsia
48. Arthropods
49. Sample Collection and Handling
50. Diagnostic Techniques

UNIT 9: CYTOLOGY
51. Sample Collection and Handling
52. Preparation of Cytology Smears
53. Microscopic Evaluation
54. Cytology of Specific Sites

Appendix A: Chapter Review Questions by Unit

Appendix B: Reference Ranges
Appendix C: Bacterial Pathogens of Veterinary Importance
Appendix D: Professional Associations Related to Veterinary Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics
Appendix E: Common Parasites of Some Exotic Animal Species

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Equine Orthopaedics and Rheumatology: Self-Assessment Color Review

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Equine Orthopaedics and Rheumatology: Self-Assessment Color Review

By Stephen May and C. Wayne Mcllwraith

Equine Orthopaedics and Rheumatology: Self-Assessment Color Review PDF covers a wide range of orthopedic and rheumatological problems encountered in equine veterinary practice and is invaluable to professionals in practice as well as veterinary and equine students. The cases are arranged randomly, just as they would be in life, and the self-assessment format is used to enable the reader to examine each case as it is presented. A superb range of color illustrations and imaging techniques, including radiography, ultrasonography, nuclear scintigraphy and arthroscopy are used to present and thoroughly explain each case.

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Decoding Your Dog

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By American College of Veterinary Behaviorists, Debra F. Horwitz, John Ciribassi, Steve Dale

More than ninety percent of dog owners consider their pets to be members of their family. But often, despite our best intentions, we are letting our dogs down by not giving them the guidance and direction they need. Unwanted behavior is the number-one reason dogs are relinquished to shelters and rescue groups.
The key to training dogs effectively is first to understand why our dogs do what they do. And no one can address this more authoritatively than the diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Behavior, whose work, the culmination of years of rigorous training, takes them deep into the minds of dogs in an effort to decode how they think, how they communicate, and how they learn.
In Decoding Your Dog, these experts analyze problem behaviors, decipher the latest studies, and correct common misconceptions and outmoded theories. The book includes:

Effective, veterinary-approved positive training methods
Expert advice on socialization, housetraining, diet, and exercise
Remedies for behavior problems such as OCD and aggression

With Decoding Your Dog the experts’ experts deliver a must-have dog behavior guide that ultimately challenge the way we think about our dogs.

Recommended Book:

Decoding Your Cat

Table of Contents

Preface
Introduction
Can’t We Just Talk?
Choosing Your New Best Friend
Creating a Mensa Dog
Housetraining 101
Tools of the Trade
School Days
I Know They’re Normal Behaviors, but How Do I Fix Them?
Lassie and Timmy: Kids and Dogs
All Dogs Need a Job
Aggression Unleashed: Do Dogs Mean to Be Mean?
Loyalty Gone Overboard: Separation Anxiety
I Know It’s Going to Rain, and I Hate the Fourth of July
Tail Chasing, Leg Licking — Can’t You Stop?
Dogs with an AARF Card: Growing Old with Grace
Conclusion
Appendix
Glossary
Recommended Resources
About the Editors
About the Authors
Members of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists
Index

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Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 4th Edition

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Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 4th Edition

By Laurie Vitt and Janalee Caldwell

Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 4th Edition PDF covers the basic biology of amphibians and reptiles, with updates in nearly every conceptual area. Not only does it serve as a solid foundation for modern herpetology courses, but it is also relevant to courses in ecology, behavior, evolution, systematics, and morphology.

Examples taken from amphibians and reptiles throughout the world make this book a useful herpetology textbook in several countries. Naturalists, amateur herpetologists, herpetoculturists, zoo professionals, and many others will find this book readable and full of relevant natural history and distributional information.

Amphibians and reptiles have assumed a central role in research because of the diversity of ecological, physiological, morphological, behavioral, and evolutionary patterns they exhibit. This fully revised edition brings the latest research to the reader, ranging over topics in evolution, reproduction, behavior and more, allowing students and professionals to keep current with a quickly moving field.

Heavily revised and updated with discussion of squamate (lizard and snake) taxonomy and new content reflected in current literature
Includes increased focus on conservation biology in herpetology while retaining solid content on organismal biology of reptiles and amphibians
Presents new photos included from authors’ extensive library

Table of Contents

Part I

Evolutionary History

1. Tetrapod Relationships and Evolutionary Systematics

2. Anatomy of Amphibians and Reptiles

3. Evolution of Ancient and Modern Amphibians and Reptiles

Part II

Reproduction and Reproductive Modes

4. Reproduction and Life Histories

5. Reproductive Modes

Part III

Physiological Ecology