Dantrolene

Dantrolene: Uses, Dosage and Side Effects

Overview

• Prevents the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in striated muscle, separating the excitation-contraction process.
• Vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are typically unaffected because they do not mainly depend on calcium release for contraction.

Uses of Dantrolene

• Treatment of muscular spasms, including tetanus and urethral muscle spasm.
• The oral or intravenous therapy of malignant hyperthermia.

N.B:

• Each vial should be reconstituted with 60 ml of water.
• The solution must be transparent and free of any observable particles prior to administration.
• Use the made solution within six hours and shield it from light.

Dose of Dantrolene in Dogs and Cats

Dogs, Cats:
• Malignant hyperthermia: 2–5 mg/kg i.v.
• Other indications: 0.5–2 mg/kg p.o. q12h.

Side Effects of Dantrolene in Dogs and Cats

• The pH of the injectable mixture is 9.5, and it is very irritating when it extravasates.
• To lessen the risk of thrombophlebitis, give ideally through a large vein or inject into a fast-moving infusion.
• I.V. administration is followed by a diuresis, which is consistent with its mannitol-based composition.
• Hepatitis and pleural fluid are associated with chronic use; monitoring liver function during treatment is important.
• After an overdose, there have been reports of generalized muscular weakness, including in the respiratory muscles.
• Start symptomatic supportive therapy and keep monitoring the patient, especially in relation to how well they are breathing.

Contraindications of Dantrolene in Dogs and Cats

No information is available.

Some Notes:

Do not combine with calcium-channel blockers.