Alendronate (Alendronate sodium)

Alendronate: Uses, Dosage and Side Effects

Overview

Inhibiting osteoclastic bone reabsorption is the main effect (through inhibiting osteoclast function). Inhibits angiogenesis, cancer cell division, osteoclastogenesis, and increases apoptosis.

Uses of Alendronate (Alendronate sodium)

• Treatment of idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats.
• To decrease pain associated with osteolytic conditions in dogs (e.g. bone tumors).

Dose of Alendronate (Alendronate sodium) in Dogs and Cats

Dogs:

0.5-1 mg/kg p.o. q24h on an empty stomach for hypercalcemia and/or to relieve bone pain

Cats:

Hypercalcaemia: Weekly, 5–10 mg/cat p.o. on an empty stomach. Add water using a syringe after that (at least 6 ml). The dose can be increased to 30 mg/cat p.o. weekly if it is well tolerated.

Side Effects of Alendronate in Dogs and Cats

• Oesophagitis, or oesophageal inflammation, and upper GI ulcers.
• There are limited reports of vomiting and inappetence in dogs.
• Cats with pathological fractures have been documented after extensive use (5–9 years). Pain in the muscles and bones as well as osteonecrosis are additional possible negative effects.
• Hypocalcemia may occur.

Contraindications of Alendronate  in Dogs and Cats

• Alendronate is contraindicated in humans with oesophageal disease; however, it is unknown if this is necessary for dogs and cats.
• Use it with caution in patients with renal insufficiency and avoid in patients with renal failure.
• Avoid in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to bisphosphonates.

Some Notes:

• Use with caution while taking other NSAIDs with aspirin (increased risk of upper GI adverse effects).
• Calcium-containing medications, supplements, and diets should be avoided as they may reduce the bioavailability of alendronate.