Provision of analgesia<\/strong> by perineural nerve blocks, regional<\/strong> and epidural<\/strong> techniques.
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\n $\"Vet$ <\/a><\/div>\n\n
Dose of Bupivacaine in Dogs and Cats<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Dogs:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u2022 Perineural:<\/strong> volume of injection depends on the site of placement and size of the animal<\/em>.<\/p>\n
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0.1 ml\/kg<\/strong> per injection site for femoral and sciatic nerve blocks<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
0.1 ml\/kg<\/strong> for each of the three injection sites for the combined radial, ulnar, musculocutaneous, and median nerve blocks.<\/strong><\/li>\n
0.3 ml\/kg<\/strong> for brachial plexus nerve block.<\/strong><\/li>\n
0.25\u20131 ml total volume<\/strong> for blockade of the infraorbital, mental, maxillary and mandibular nerves. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Choose an appropriate concentration of bupivacaine to achieve a 1\u20132 mg\/kg dose within these volume guidelines.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Epidural:<\/strong><\/p>\n
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1.6 mg\/kg<\/strong> (analgesia to the level of L4).<\/li>\n
2.3 mg\/kg<\/strong> (analgesia to the level of T11\u2013T13).<\/li>\n
1 mg\/kg<\/strong> bupivacaine combined with preservative-free morphine 0.1\u20130.2 mg\/kg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Limit the total volume of solution injected into the epidural space<\/strong> to 1 ml\/4.5 kg<\/strong> up to a maximum volume of 6 ml<\/strong> in order to limit the cranial distribution of drugs in the epidural space and prevent adverse pressure effects.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Interpleural:<\/strong><\/p>\n
1 mg\/kg<\/strong> diluted with normal saline to a total volume of 5\u201320 ml<\/strong> depending on the size of the animal. The solution can be instilled via a thoracotomy tube<\/strong>. Dilution reduces pain on injection due to the acidity of bupivacaine.<\/p>\n
Cats: <\/strong><\/p>\n
Doses as for dogs. Accurate dosing in cats is essential to prevent overdose.
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