Table of contents
: About the Authors
: Acknowledgements
: Glossary
: Introduction
1: Principles of Equine Thermography
1.1: Thermography
1.2: Methods for measuring infrared radiation
1.3: Principles of infrared radiation
1.4: The thermographic image
1.5: Thermographic imaging technology
1.6: Thermography as a diagnostic tool in equine medicine
1.7: Normal body surface temperature distribution of the horse
1.7.1: Anatomical structure
1.7.2: Subcutaneous tissue
1.7.3: Muscle tissue
1.7.4: Hair coat
1.7.5: Season of the year
2: Fundamentals of Thermographic Examination
2.1: Procedures for thermographic examination, including the impact of environmental conditions
2.1.1: Preparing a room for thermographic examination
2.1.2: Preparing a horse for thermographic examination
2.1.3: Interview with the horse owner
2.2: Taking images of the horse
2.2.1: Thermographic protocol
2.2.2: Correct positioning of the horse and camera
2.2.3: Sample thermographic images
2.2.3.1: Lateral aspect of the horse
2.2.3.2: Distal forelimbs
2.2.3.3: Distal hindlimbs
2.2.3.4: Shoulder area
2.2.3.5: Croup area
2.2.3.6: Chest area
2.2.3.7: Neck area
2.2.3.8: Head area
2.2.3.9: Back area
2.3: Most frequently made errors in thermographic imaging
3: Interpretation of Thermographic Images and the Normal Superficial Temperature Distribution of the Horse
3.1: Thermography analysis for veterinary or prophylactic purposes
3.2: Analysis of symmetry and repeatability of body surface temperature distribution in contralateral body areas of the horse
3.2.1: Determination of body surface temperature differences between symmetrical body areas or regions of interest (ROIs)
3.2.2: Determination of body surface temperature along linear ROIs or at specific points on the body surface
3.2.3: Interpretation of thermograms
3.2.3.1: Distal forelimbs and hindlimbs
3.2.3.2: Back area
3.2.3.3: Shoulder area
3.2.3.4: Neck area
3.2.3.5: Head area
3.2.3.6: Croup area
3.2.3.7: Chest area
3.2.4: What should be considered in thermographic image interpretation?
3.2.5: Thermographic reports
4: Development of Equine Thermography and its Use in Equestrianism
4.1: Development of thermography in equine veterinary medicine
4.2: Use of thermography in equestrianism
4.2.1: Use of thermography to monitor horse welfare
4.2.2: Use of thermography to assess saddle fit
4.2.3: Use of thermography to assess hoof function
4.3: Use of thermography to assess racing performance
5: Use of Thermography in Physiotherapy
5.1: Thermography applications in equine physiotherapy
5.2: Manual assessment of the horse
5.2.1: Head area
5.2.1.1: Skeletal system
5.2.1.2: Muscular system
5.2.1.3: Indicators of a problem
5.2.1.4: Manual and visual assessment of the head 64
5.2.2: Neck area
5.2.2.1: Skeletal system
5.2.2.2: Muscular system
5.2.2.3: Indicators of a problem
5.2.2.4: Manual and visual assessment of the neck
5.2.3: Forelimb area
5.2.3.1: Skeletal system
5.2.3.2: Muscular system
5.2.3.3: Indicators of a problem
5.2.3.4: Manual and visual assessment of the forelimb
5.2.4: Back area
5.2.4.1: Skeletal system
5.2.4.2: Muscular system
5.2.4.3: Indicators of a problem
5.2.4.4: Manual and visual assessment of the back
5.2.5: Hindlimb area
5.2.5.1: Skeletal system
5.2.5.2: Muscular system
5.2.5.3: Indicators of a problem
5.2.5.4: Manual and visual assessment of the hindlimb
5.3: Muscle function
5.3.1: Linked muscle function
5.3.2: Antagonistic muscle function
5.3.3: Diagonal limb muscle function
5.4: Dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system: summary
6: Recommendations for Thermography Application
References
Appendix 1: Equine Thermographic Examination Questionnaire
Index
