A potassium-sparing diuretic that prevents sodium absorption in collecting duct and distal tubule cells, resulting in less sodium available for potassium exchange. Due to this, the typical renal concentration gradient fails, which causes salt loss and potassium retention. It is often combined with a thiazide or furosemide because it is a mild diuretic when given alone.
Uses of Amiloride For Dogs, Cats, Pigs, and Birds
Dogs and Cats: Treatment of edema or ascites due to liver or heart failure. Regular monitoring of urea, creatinine, electrolytes, and blood pressure is recommended before and after dose adjustments.
Horses: Utilized for managing ascites and related conditions.
Amiloride Dose For Dogs, Cats, and Horses
Species
Condition
Dosage & Notes
Dogs
Edema/Ascites
0.1 mg/kg PO q12h. In combination with hydrochlorothiazide, the dosage may range from 0.05–0.4 mg/kg PO. Note: Monitor for hyperkalemia and other electrolyte imbalances.
Combination Therapy
0.05–0.4 mg/kg PO when combined with other diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide. Adjust based on clinical response and lab values.
Cats
Edema/Ascites
0.1 mg/kg PO q12h. When combined with hydrochlorothiazide, the dose can range from 0.1–0.4 mg/kg PO. Note: Close monitoring for hyperkalemia is advised.
Horses
Ascites
1–2 mg/kg PO q24h. Note: Monitor serum potassium and hydration status during treatment.
Drug Dosage Calculator
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Common Side Effects of Amiloride
Common Adverse Reactions: Hypotension, hyperkalemia, acidosis, and hyponatremia.
Observations: Side effects can be more prominent in animals with preexisting conditions, especially those with impaired renal function.
Contraindications of Amiloride
Precautions: Use caution in patients with significant renal dysfunction, preexisting hyperkalemia, or severe hepatic disease.
Drug Interactions: Avoid concurrent use with other potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements due to the risk of hyperkalemia.
Some Notes:
Important Interaction: Avoid administering potassium supplements or high-potassium diets with amiloride to prevent hyperkalemia.
Clinical Monitoring: Regular blood tests to check serum electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels are recommended for safe use.
Veterinary Guidance: The use of amiloride in species not commonly treated, such as pigs and birds, should be approached cautiously and tailored based on expert consultation and case-specific considerations
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